Textbook of Psychiatric Epidemiology 3rd Edition

The new edition of this critically praised textbook continues to provide the most comprehensive overview of the concepts, methods, and research advances in the field; particularly the application of molecular genomics and of neuroimaging. It has been revised and enhanced to capitalize on the strengths of the first and second editions while keeping it up-to-date with the field of psychiatry and epidemiology. This comprehensive publication now includes chapters on experimental epidemiology, gene-environment interactions, the use of case registries, eating disorders, suicide, childhood disorders and immigrant populations, and the epidemiology of a number of childhood disorders.

As in the first and second editions, the objective is to provide a comprehensive, easy to understand overview of research methods for the non-specialist. The book is ideal for students of psychiatric epidemiology, psychiatric residents, general psychiatrists, and other mental health professionals.

The book features a new editor, Peter Jones, from the University of Cambridge, who joins the successful US team of Ming Tsuang and Mauricio Tohen.

Contents

1 Introduction to epidemiologic research methods (Glyn Lewis).

• 1.1 What is epidemiology?
• 1.2 Causation in medicine.
• 1.3 Causal inference.
• 1.4 The future for psychiatric epidemiology.

2 Analysis of categorical data: The odds ratio as a measure of association and beyond (Garrett M. Fitzmaurice and Caitlin Ravichandran).

• 2.1 Introduction.
• 2.2 Inference for a single proportion.
• 2.3 Analysis of 2 x 2 contingency tables.
• 2.4 Analysis of sets of 2 x 2 contingency tables.
• 2.5 Logistic regression.
• 2.6 Advanced topics.
• 2.7 Concluding remarks.
• 2.8 Further reading.

3 Genetic epidemiology (Stephen V. Faraone, Stephen J. Glatt and Ming T. Tsuang).

• 3.1 Introduction.
• 3.2 The chain of psychiatric genetic research.
• 3.3 Psychiatric genetics and psychiatric epidemiology.

4 Examining gene–environment interplay in psychiatric disorders (Judith Allardyce and Jim van Os).

• 4.1 Introduction.
• 4.2 The process of genetic epidemiology.
• 4.3 Gene–environment interplay takes different forms.
• 4.4 Gene–environment correlation.
• 4.5 Gene–environment interaction.
• 4.6 Measurement of genotype, environmental exposure and pathological phenotype.
• 4.7 Models of GxE.
• 4.8 Which scale should we use to measure GxE?
• 4.9 Study designs for the detection of GxE.
• 4.10 Threats to the validity of epidemiological GxE studies.
• 4.11 Epigenetic mechanisms.

5 Reliability (Patrick E. Shrout).

• 5.1 Introduction.
• 5.2 The reliability coefficient.
• 5.3 Designs for estimating reliability.
• 5.4 Statistical remedies for low reliability.
• 5.5 Reliability theory and binary judgements.
• 5.6 Reliability statistics: General.
• 5.7 Other reliability statistics.
• 5.8 Summary and conclusions.

6 Moderators and mediators: Towards the genetic and environmental bases of psychiatric disorders (Helena Chmura Kraemer).

• 6.1 Introduction.
• 6.2 Current methodological barriers.
• 6.3 Moderation, mediation and other ways in which risk factors 'work together'.
• 6.4 Extensions.
• 6.5 Beyond moderators and mediators.

7 Validity: Definitions and applications to psychiatric research (Jill M. Goldstein, Sara Cherkerzian and John C. Simpson).

• 7.1 Introduction.
• 7.2 Validity of a construct.
• 7.3 Validity of the relationships between variables.
• 7.4 Summary.

8 Use of register data for psychiatric epidemiology in the Nordic countries (Jouko Miettunen, Jaana Suvisaari, Jari Haukka and Matti Isohanni).

• 8.1 Introduction.
• 8.2 Registers for use in psychiatric research.
• 8.3 Register research in Denmark.
• 8.4 Register research in Finland.
• 8.5 Register research in Norway.
• 8.6 Register research in Sweden.
• 8.7 Discussion.

9 An introduction to mental health services research (Anna Fernandez, Alejandra Pinto-Meza, Antoni Serrano-Blanco, Jordi Alonso and Josep Maria Haro).

• 9.1 Introduction.
• 9.2 What is mental health services research?
• 9.3 A framework for mental health services research.
• 9.4 Key concepts in mental health services research.
• 9.5 Examples of mental health services research studies.
• 9.6 Conclusion.

10 The pharmacoepidemiology of psychiatric medications (Philip S. Wang, Alan M. Brookhart, Christine Ulbricht and Sebastian Schneeweiss).

• 10.1 Introduction.
• 10.2 Overview of psychopharmacoepidemiology.
• 10.3 Sources of data.
• 10.4 Examples of recent psychopharmacoepidemiologic studies.
• 10.5 Conclusions.

11 Peering into the future of psychiatric epidemiology (Michaeline Bresnahan, Ezra Susser, Dana March and Bruce Link).

• 11.1 Introduction.
• 11.2 Levels of causation: A historical overview.
• 11.3 Levels of causation.
• 11.4 Causation over (life) time.
• 11.5 Examples.
• 11.6 Framing the future.

12 Studying the natural history of psychopathology (William W. Eaton).

• 12.1 Introduction.
• 12.2 Onset.
• 12.3 Course.
• 12.4 Outcome.
• 12.5 Methodological concepts for studying the natural history of psychopathology.
• 12.6 Conclusion.

13 Symptom scales and diagnostic schedules in adult psychiatry (Jane M. Murphy).

• 13.1 Introduction.
• 13.2 North American instruments for epidemiological research.
• 13.3 North American instruments for psychiatric services and primary care.
• 13.4 European instruments for psychiatric services and primary care.
• 13.5 European instruments for epidemiological research.
• 13.6 Summary.

14 The National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) and its extensions (Ronald C. Kessler).

• 14.1 Introduction.
• 14.2 The baseline NCS.
• 14.3 The NCS follow-up survey (NCS-2).
• 14.4 The NCS replication survey (NCS-R).
• 14.5 The NCS-R adolescent supplement (NCS-A).
• 14.6 The WHO WMH Surveys.
• 14.7 Overview.

15 Experimental epidemiology (John R. Geddes).

• 15.1 Introduction.
• 15.2 Limitations of non-randomised evidence.
• 15.3 RCTs: The translation of the experimental design into the real world.
• 15.4 Importance and control of systematic error or bias.
• 15.5 Importance and control of random error and noise.
• 15.6 Reporting the results of clinical trials—the CONSORT statement.
• 15.7 Different clinical questions will prioritise control of different threats to validity and confidence.
• 15.8 The classification of RCTs.
• 15.9 Effectiveness trials in schizophrenia.
• 15.10 Department of Veterans Affairs co-operative study on the cost-effectiveness of Olanzapine (Rosenheck).
• 15.11 The clinical antipsychotic trials of intervention effectiveness (CATIE) study.
• 15.12 Cost utility of the latest antipsychotic drugs in schizophrenia study (CUtLASS 1).
• 15.13 European first-episode schizophrenia trial (EUFEST).
• 15.14 The size and cost of experimental studies in psychiatry.
• 15.15 Clinical trials in the future.

16 Epidemiology of Schizophrenia (William W. Eaton, Chuan-Yu Chen and Evelyn J. Bromet).

• 16.1 Introduction.
• 16.2 Methods.
• 16.3 The burden of schizophrenia.
• 16.4 Natural history.
• 16.5 Demographic correlates.
• 16.6 Social risk factors.
• 16.7 Biological risk factors.
• 16.8 Prevention.
• 16.9 Discussion.

17 Epidemiology of depressive disorders (Deborah S. Hasin, Miriam C. Fenton and Myrna M. Weissman).

• 17.1 Introduction.
• 17.2 Major depression.
• 17.3 Dysthymia.
• 17.4 Summary.

18 Epidemiology of anxiety disorders (Ewald Horwath, Felicia Gould and Myrna M. Weissman).

• 18.1 Introduction.
• 18.2 Anxiety disorders.
• 18.3 Panic disorder.
• 18.4 Agoraphobia.
• 18.5 Social phobia.
• 18.6 Generalised anxiety disorder.
• 18.7 Obsessive–compulsive disorder.
• 18.8 Anxiety and affective disorders and mass disasters.
• 18.9 Future developments.

19 Epidemiology of bipolar disorder in adults and children (Kathleen R. Merikangas and Mauricio Tohen).

• 19.1 Introduction.
• 19.2 Epidemiology of bipolar disorder.
• 19.3 Patterns of comorbidity of bipolar disorder.
• 19.4 Risk Factors.
• 19.5 Future directions.
• 19.6 Summary.

20 Epidemiology of eating disorders (Tracey D. Wade, Anna Keski-Rahkonen and James I. Hudson).

• 20.1 Introduction.
• 20.2 Case definition.
• 20.3 Major prevalence studies.
• 20.4 Incidence studies.
• 20.5 Comorbidity.
• 20.6 Mortality from eating disorders.
• 20.7 Risk factors.
• 20.8 Future directions.

21 Epidemiology of alcohol use, abuse and dependence (Deborah A. Dawson, Ralph W. Hingson and Bridget F. Grant).

• 21.1 Introduction.
• 21.2 Population estimates of per capita consumption.
• 21.3 Survey-based estimates of the prevalence of drinking.
• 21.4 Alcohol-related mortality and morbidity.
• 21.5 Alcohol and injury.
• 21.6 Alcohol and chronic disease.
• 21.7 Diagnostic classification of alcohol use disorders.
• 21.8 Population estimates, prevalence, incidence and natural course of alcohol use disorders.
• 21.9 Comorbidity of DSM-IV alcohol use disorders and other psychiatric disorders.
• 21.10 Summary.

22 Epidemiology of illicit drug use disorders (Wilson M. Compton, Marsha F. Lopez, Kevin P. Conway and Yonette F. Thomas).

• 22.1 Introduction.
• 22.2 Drug consumption.
• 22.3 Definitions.
• 22.4 Rates of DSM-IV abuse and dependence.
• 22.5 Global rates of drug use disorders.
• 22.6 Comorbidities with psychiatric conditions.
• 22.7 Genetic epidemiology.
• 22.8 Future opportunities.
• 22.9 Conclusions.
• 22.10 Disclaimer.

23 The epidemiology of personality disorders: Findings, methods and concepts (Michael J. Lyons, Beth A. Jerskey and Margo R. Genderson).

• 23.1 Introduction.
• 23.2 Substantive findings.
• 23.3 Course, prognosis and developmental issues.
• 23.4 Treated prevalence.
• 23.5 Prevalence of specific personality disorders.
• 23.6 Antisocial personality disorder.
• 23.7 Conceptual issues.
• 23.8 Models of personality disorder.
• 23.9 Methodological issues.
• 23.10 Future directions.

24 The epidemiology of depression and anxiety in children and adolescents (Kathleen Ries Merikangas and Erin F. Nakamura).

• 24.1 Introduction.
• 24.2 Magnitude of depression and anxiety in children and adolescents.
• 24.3 Correlates and risk factors.
• 24.4 Service patterns and impact.
• 24.5 Summary.

25 Epidemiology of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (Stephen V. Faraone).

• 25.1 Introduction.
• 25.2 Prevalence of ADHD.
• 25.3 Pharmacoeconomics of ADHD.
• 25.4 Comorbid psychiatric disorders.
• 25.5 Demographic risk factors.
• 25.6 Genetic risk factors.
• 25.7 Environmental risk factors for ADHD.
• 25.8 Summary and conclusions.
• 25.9 Future directions.

26 The epidemiology of autism (Gregory S. Liptak).

• 26.1 Introduction.
• 26.2 Background.
• 26.3 Definition and diagnosis.
• 26.4 Natural history.
• 26.5 Prevalence.
• 26.6 Risk factors.
• 26.7 Genetic factors.
• 26.8 Public health impact.
• 26.9 Associations and causal factors.
• 26.10 Future directions.
• 26.11 Summary.

27 Mental illness, women, mothers and their children (Kathryn M. Abel and Vera A. Morgan).

• 27.1 Introduction.
• 27.2 The epidemiology of mental illness in women of reproductive age.
• 27.3 Fertility and fecundity in women with mental illness.
• 27.4 Maternal mental illness at the time of conception and during pregnancy.
• 27.5 Gene–environment interactions and offspring outcomes.
• 27.6 Obstetric complications and risk of adult onset mental disorder in offspring.
• 27.7 Parental condition.
• 27.8 Motherhood and perinatal mental illness.
• 27.9 Designing studies examining the relationship between maternal mental illness and outcomes for their children.
• 27.10 Conclusions.

28 Epidemiology of suicide and attempted suicide(Dianne Currier and Maria A. Oquendo).

• 28.1 Introduction.
• 28.2 Definitions.
• 28.3 Prevalence of suicide and attempted suicide.
• 28.4 Risk factors for suicide and attempted suicide.
• 28.5 Protective factors.
• 28.6 Conclusions.

29 Epidemiology and geriatric psychiatry (Celia F. Hybels and Dan G. Blazer).

• 29.1 Introduction.
• 29.2 Issues of case identification.
• 29.3 The distribution of cases.
• 29.4 Aetiological studies.
• 29.5 Outcome studies.
• 29.6 Historical trends in the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in late life.
• 29.7 Use of health care services.

30 Recent epidemiological studies of psychiatric disorders in Japan (Masayoshi Kawai, Kenji J. Tsuchiya and Nori Takei).

• 30.1 Introduction.
• 30.2 Schizophrenia.
• 30.3 Affective disorders.
• 30.4 Autism and autism spectrum disorder.
• 30.5 Summary.

31 Epidemiology of migration and serious mental illness: The example of migrants to Europe (Monica Charalambides, Craig Morgan and Robin M. Murray).

• 31.1 Introduction.
• 31.2 Defining the constructs.
• 31.3 High rates of psychosis in migrants: A genuine finding or methodological artefact?
• 31.4 Possible explanations.
• 31.5 Biological considerations.
• 31.6 Cannabis use.
• 31.7 Adverse social experiences.
• 31.8 Mechanisms.
• 31.9 Implications.

32 Epidemiology of migration substance use disorder in Latin American populations and migration to the United States (Maria Elena Medina-Mora, Guilherme Borges, Tania Real and Jorge Villatoro).

• 32.1 Introduction.
• 32.2 Definitions: What do we understand by migration?
• 32.3 Countries of origin: Social, political and other reasons that trigger migration.
• 32.4 Living conditions of migrants in the United States.
• 32.5 Alcohol and drug use in countries of origin and receiving communities.
• 32.6 Dependence and treatment rates.
• 32.7 The process of migrating.
• 32.8 Migration, substance use and access to services.
• 32.9 Returning migrants and families left behind.
• 32.10 Conclusions.

33 Early detection and intervention as approaches for preventing schizophrenia (Ming T. Tsuang, William S. Stone, Margo Genderson and Michael Lyons).

• 33.1 Introduction.
• 33.2 Modelling genetic and phenotypic heterogeneity.
• 33.3 Defining a syndrome of liability using cognitive and clinical characteristics of relatives.
• 33.4 Gene-based vs. genome-based research.
• 33.5 Future directions.
• 33.6 Clinical implications.

Acknowledgements.

References.

Index.

About the Author

Dr. Ming Tsuang is Behavioral Genomics Endowed Chair and University Professor, University of California and Distinguished Professor of Psychiatry and Director, Center for Behavioral Genomics, Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego. He also directs the Harvard Institute of Psychiatric Epidemiology and Genetics. He was Stanley Cobb Professor of Psychiatry and Chairman, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Massachusetts Mental Health Center, where he served as superintendent and president of Massachusetts Mental Health Institute of Psychiatry. He received his M.D. degree from National Taiwan University and his Ph.D. in Psychiatric Genetics and Doctor of Science in Genetics Epidemiology from the University of London. He has been recognized worldwide for his research in schizophrenia, manic-depressive illness and substance abuse.

He is a member of the Institute of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, and served on the National Advisory Mental Health Council, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. He has been elected Fellow of the American Psychiatric Association, American College of Psychiatrists, and British Royal Society of Psychiatrists, Fellow and former President of the American Psychopathological Association. He is a Council Member of the Taiwan National Health Research Institute, and Academician, Academia Sinica of Taiwan, the highest academic institution in Taiwan. He is currently the President of the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics.

Dr. Tsuang is the recipient of a myriad of awards for his work, among them: the Rema Lapouse Award for Mental Health Epidemiology, the American Public Health Association; the Stanley Dean Award for Research in Schizophrenia, the American College of Psychiatrists; the National Institute of Mental Health Merit Award; the Noyes Award for Research in Schizophrenia; the National Alliance for Research on Schizophrenia and Depression Distinguished Investigator Award; and the Paul H. Hoch Award, the American Psychopathological Association. Dr. Tsuang also received the Lifetime Achievement Award from the International Society of Psychiatric Genetics, the Taiwanese-American Award for Achievement in Science and Engineering, the Gold Medal Award from the Society of Biological Psychiatry for pioneering contributions in the field of biological psychiatry, and the Award for Research in Psychiatry, the American Psychiatric Association.

He has authored or co-authored over 600 publications, including peer review journal papers, book chapters and books in the areas of psychiatric epidemiology and genetics, including major psychoses and substance abuse and spiritual health. In addition to serving on many editorial boards of scientific journals, he is currently the Senior Editor for Neuropsychiatric Genetics, a section of the American Journal of Medical Genetics.

Dr. Mauricio Tohen obtained his MD degree from the National University of Mexico. He completed a residency in Psychiatry at the University of Toronto and a Fellowship in Psychopharmacology at McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School. He obtained his doctorate in Epidemiology from the Harvard School of Public Health and an MBA from the University of Indiana. From 1988 to 1997 he was the clinical Director of the Bipolar and Psychotic Disorders Program at McLean Hospital. From 1997 to 2008 he worked at Lilly Research Laboratories in Indianapolis, Indiana where he reached the most senior scientific rank of Distinguished Lilly Scholar. In 2009 he was appointed to the Krus endowed chair in Psychiatry at the University of Texas Health Science Centre at San Antonio. His research has focused on the clinical epidemiology and psychopharmacological treatments of bipolar disorder. Professor Tohen has over 200 original publications and over 500 book chapters and scientific abstracts. He has co-edited Mood Disorders Across the Lifespan and Bipolar Psychopharmacology, and has also edited Comorbidity in Affective Disorders.

Professor Peter Jones is Head of the Department of Psychiatry at the University of Cambridge. His particular clinical interest is in psychotic illness and asking questions about causes and treatment. His research concerns lifecourse influences on adult mental health and illness, and the interface between population-based and biological investigation and explanations. He is a member of the Wellcome Trust Clinical Epidemiology Research Board and the HTA Commissioning Board.

Book Details

• Hardcover: 660 pages
• Publisher: Wiley; 3 edition (June 15, 2011)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 047069467X
• ISBN-13: 978-0470694671
• Product Dimensions: 7.7 x 1.5 x 9.9 inches

List Price: $250.00 

 

Porta: A Dictionary of Epidemiology 5th Edition

If you live in a foreign land and have come to visit this book from "outside" epidemiology, be welcome. If you are an epidemiologist on the eve of a "trip" to a foreign discipline, please take this book with you. And, again, if you mostly work "inside" epidemiology, please keep it at hand: this is your territory - yet I hope you will here discover new landscapes of unsuspected beauty.

- Miquel Porta -

Key Features

• Alphabetical Listing, is a guide to the placement of entries and follows a letter-by-letter sequence of headwords without regard to word spacing, hyphens, or apostrophes.
• Headwords, are in bold small capitals.
• Compound Phrases.
• Citations, have been moved to the back of the book to avoid repetition.
• Acronyms.
• Cross-References.
• Definitions and Discussions.
• Evolving Language and Changing Usage.

About the Editors

• Miquel Porta, Professor of Preventive Medicine & Public Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona; Senior Scientist, Institut Municipal d’Investigació Mèdica, Barcelona, Spain; Adjunct Professor of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Foreword

To write a dictionary in any scientific discipline is a risky endeavor, because scientists often disagree. The nature of science is not to reach consensus but to advance our knowledge by bringing confl icting ideas to critical examinations. That is true also for how we define the concepts we use. No dictionary will ever be able to satisfy all, nor should it try to.

The aim of the International Epidemiological Association (IEA) in cosponsoring this dictionary in its more than 20 years’ history has been to facilitate communication among epidemiologists to develop a "common language" to the extent that this is possible. We need a common language when we write papers, teach, and communicate findings to the public.

This "common language" changes over time, as anybody can see by reading the successive editions of this dictionary. The language changes because our understanding of the concepts changes over time and new research options bring forward new concepts.

From the IEA, we want to thank John Last for his tremendous achievements as editor of the dictionary, and we are happy to welcome Miquel Porta as the new editor. Miquel has provided the smooth transition we were looking for, and we are pleased to see that he continues the tradition of collaborating with leading epidemiologists worldwide to get the best possible result.

- Jørn Olsen, Neil Pearce, and Chitr Sitthi-Amorn -

Current, coming, and past presidents of International Epidemiological Association (www.ieaweb.org)

Product Details

• Paperback: 320 pages
• Publisher: Oxford University Press, USA; 5 edition (July 3, 2008)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0195314506
• ISBN-13: 978-0195314502
• Product Dimensions: 9.1 x 6.1 x 0.9 inches

List Price: $29.95 

 

Labarthe: Epidemiology & Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease 2nd edition: A Global Challenge

Epidemiology and Prevention of Cardiovascular Disease: A Global Challenge provides a comprehensive epidemiological perspective on cardiovascular diseases and analysis of measures for their prevention and control in community and clinical settings. Perfect for both students and practitioners, the second edition includes over 300 tables, figures, and exhibits; and has been thoroughly updated to reflect the most recent research in the field.

The central messages of this second edition are these:

• (1) Cardiovascular diseases remain the foremost causes of preventable death globally and continue to grow in prominence, because of their attendant burden, disparities, and costs.
• (2) Epidemiology has contributed immeasurably to a vast body of knowledge about the causes and means of prevention of these and related conditions, but this knowledge has yet to be applied on a sufficient scale to confer its potential societal benefit.
• (3) Public health is accountable for putting this knowledge more fully to work by setting goals, devising strategic plans and policies, implementing targeted actions, and documenting their impact in improving the health of populations.

These messages are consistent with the content of the first edition but have gained force from developments in the intervening decade: increased awareness of the global burden of cardiovascular diseases, with their immense social and economic consequences; a growing sense of need to integrate approaches to cardiovascular diseases with prevention of other chronic or noncommunicable diseases, with transformation of health systems to address them coherently; and the ever more urgent goal to reduce the mounting burden, disparities, and costs of these diseases. Epidemiology, through its applications in development, adoption, and implementation of health policy and in public health practice, is fundamental to achieving this goal. It is the author’s hope that this new edition will contribute to this effort.

The difference of a decade is due importantly to advances in science and practice that better inform our understanding of the need and opportunity for effective action. From the start of this past decade, the perspective of the author, too, has advanced—from that of the academic epidemiologist to that of the public health practitioner. This was a result of undertaking a US governmental role at the federal level and the greatly enhanced public health experience afforded by this opportunity. The influence of this change on the context and content of the book is substantial; however, it is necessary to underscore the disclaimer that the views expressed throughout are personal and are not intended to represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) or the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS).

The book has changed principally in presenting greater emphasis on public health in cardiovascular disease prevention while retaining its epidemiologic content. The intent has been to increase the book’s value for both epidemiologists and public health professionals by bringing the original content up to date in Parts I–III and expanding discussion of how epidemiology is translated into policy and practice in Part IV.

Currency has been achieved by including more than 1600 citations and nearly 400 tables and figures, many from recent sources; rewriting the chapters on the major cardiovascular diseases and their determinants; introducing a chapter on genomic epidemiology; and expanding discussion of the global dimensions of CVD. For many sources, URLs are included to permit continuing access for interested readers.

New chapters in Part IV address strategies of prevention as part of a recently developed action framework; the nature of evidence for prevention, and methods for its evaluation as practiced by several leading authoritative bodies; current national, regional, and global recommendations, guidelines, and policies for prevention of CVD and other major chronic diseases; the case for CVD prevention at individual and population levels; and action plans adopted for implementation in the United States, Europe, South Asia, and worldwide. Expansion in these areas had one regrettable cost—lack of updates on rheumatic heart disease, Chagas’ disease, congenital heart disease, and Kawasaki disease—which are treated only in the first edition.

Features retained in the second edition include the basic structure in which the public health perspective is introduced in Part I; the major atherosclerotic and hypertensive diseases are discussed in Part II; their main determinants are reviewed sequentially in Part III; and implications of this evidence for theory, practice, and research are discussed in Part IV, which concludes with a chapter on CVD epidemiology of the future—the rich and varied research opportunities presented and the place of epidemiology as the core discipline of “populomics,” the scientific foundation of population health. A historic perspective is also retained, although this is not meant to recount the history of the field, which is being done in a far more effective way elsewhere. The purpose instead is to illustrate wherever appropriate the key studies that, from early in the development of CVD epidemiology, have made fundamental and lasting contributions to our current knowledge.

Throughout the book, the unifying approach of a single author has the advantage of a consistent presentation and coherent interpretation across the many topics addressed. There is room for differing opinion and further exploration of many topics raised. The content reflects one person’s perspective and in no case represents an exhaustive systematic review, although those of others are cited extensively. Closing each chapter is a more or less speculative suggestion of current issues most important for further discussion. In these ways the text is intended to stimulate thinking and debate. The author welcomes comments, queries, and criticisms from readers.

Contents

PART I - A PUBLIC HEALTH PERSPECTIVE

• Chapter 1 Cardiovascular Diseases: A Global Public Health Challenge
• Chapter 2 Distributions and Disparities

PART II - THE MAJOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES

• Chapter 3 Atherosclerosis
• Chapter 4 Coronary Heart Disease
• Chapter 5 Stroke
• Chapter 6 Related Conditions

PART III - THE MAIN DETERMINANTS

• Chapter 7 Genes and Environment
• Chapter 8 Dietary Imbalance
• Chapter 9 Physical Inactivity
• Chapter 10 Obesity
• Chapter 11 Adverse Blood Lipid Profile
• Chapter 12 High Blood Pressure
• Chapter 13 Diabetes and the Metabolic Syndrome
• Chapter 14 Smoking and Other Tobacco Use
• Chapter 15 Other Personal Factors
• Chapter 16 Social and Physical Environment

PART IV - CAUSATION AND PREVENTION: THEORY, PRACTICE, AND FURTHER RESEARCH

• Chapter 17 What Causes Cardiovascular Diseases?
• Chapter 18 Strategies of Prevention
• Chapter 19 Evidence and Decision Making
• Chapter 20 Recommendations, Guidelines, and Policies
• Chapter 21 The Case for Prevention
• Chapter 22 Taking Action
• Chapter 23 Epidemiology and a CVD Prevention Research Agenda

Index

Book Details

• Paperback: 728 pages
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers; 2 edition (March 23, 2010)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0763746894
• ISBN-13: 978-0763746896
• Product Dimensions: 10.8 x 8.5 x 1.5 inches

List Price: $115.95 

 

Rothman: Modern Epidemiology 3rd Edition

This third edition of Modern Epidemiology arrives more than 20 years after the first edition, which was a much smaller single-authored volume that outlined the concepts and methods of a rapidly growing discipline. The second edition, published 12 years later, was a major transition, as the book grew along with the field. It saw the addition of a second author and an expansion of topics contributed by invited experts in a range of subdisciplines. Now, with the help of a third author, this new edition encompasses a comprehensive revision of the content and the introduction of new topics that 21st century epidemiologists will find essential.

This edition retains the basic organization of the second edition, with the book divided into four parts. Part I (Basic Concepts) now comprises five chapters rather than four, with the relocation of Chapter 5, “Concepts of Interaction,” which was Chapter 18 in the second edition. The topic of interaction rightly belongs with Basic Concepts, although a reader aiming to accrue a working understanding of epidemiologic principles could defer reading it until after Part II, “Study Design and Conduct.” We have added a new chapter on causal diagrams, which we debated putting into Part I, as it does involve basic issues in the conceptualization of relations between study variables. On the other hand, this material invokes concepts that seemed more closely linked to data analysis, and assumes knowledge of study design, so we have placed it at the beginning of Part III, “Data Analysis.” Those with basic epidemiologic background could read Chapter 12 in tandem with Chapters 2 and 4 to get a thorough grounding in the concepts surrounding causal and non-causal relations among variables. Another important addition is a chapter in Part III titled, “Introduction to Bayesian Statistics,” which we hope will stimulate epidemiologists to consider and apply Bayesian methods to epidemiologic settings. The former chapter on sensitivity analysis, now entitled “Bias Analysis,” has been substantially revised and expanded to include probabilistic methods that have entered epidemiology from the fields of risk and policy analysis. The rigid application of frequentist statistical interpretations to data has plagued biomedical research (and many other sciences as well). We hope that the new chapters in Part III will assist in liberating epidemiologists from the shackles of frequentist statistics, and open them to more flexible, realistic, and deeper approaches to analysis and inference.

As before, Part IV comprises additional topics that are more specialized than those considered in the first three parts of the book. Although field methods still have wide application in epidemiologic research, there has been a surge in epidemiologic research based on existing data sources, such as registries and medical claims data. Thus, we have moved the chapter on field methods from Part II into Part IV, and we have added a chapter entitled, “Using Secondary Data.” Another addition is a chapter on social epidemiology, and coverage on molecular epidemiology has been added to the chapter on genetic epidemiology. Many of these chapters may be of interest mainly to those who are focused on a particular area, such as reproductive epidemiology or infectious disease epidemiology, which have distinctive methodologic concerns, although the issues raised are well worth considering for any epidemiologist who wishes to master the field. Topics such as ecologic studies and meta-analysis retain a broad interest that cuts across subject matter subdisciplines. Screening had its own chapter in the second edition; its content has been incorporated into the revised chapter on clinical epidemiology.

The scope of epidemiology has become too great for a single text to cover it all in depth. In this book, we hope to acquaint those who wish to understand the concepts and methods of epidemiology with the issues that are central to the discipline, and to point the way to key references for further study. Although previous editions of the book have been used as a course text in many epidemiology teaching programs, it is not written as a text for a specific course, nor does it contain exercises or review questions as many course texts do. Some readers may find it most valuable as a reference or supplementary-reading book for use alongside shorter textbooks such as Kelsey et al. (1996), Szklo and Nieto (2000), Savitz (2001), Koepsell and Weiss (2003), or Checkoway et al. (2004). Nonetheless, there are subsets of chapters that could form the textbook material for epidemiologic methods courses. For example, a course in epidemiologic theory and methods could be based on Chapters 1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11 and 12 with a more abbreviated course based on Chapters 1,2,3 and 4 and 6,7,8,9,10 and 11. A short course on the foundations of epidemiologic theory could be based on Chapters 1,2,3,4 and 5 and Chapter 12. Presuming a background in basic epidemiology, an introduction to epidemiologic data analysis could use Chapters 9, 10, and 12,13,14,15,16,17,18 and 19, while a more advanced course detailing causal and regression analysis could be based on Chapters 2,3,4 and 5, 9, 10, and 12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20 and 21. Many of the other chapters would also fit into such suggested chapter collections, depending on the program and the curriculum.

Many topics are discussed in various sections of the text because they pertain to more than one aspect of the science. To facilitate access to all relevant sections of the book that relate to a given topic, we have indexed the text thoroughly. We thus recommend that the index be consulted by those wishing to read our complete discussion of specific topics.

We hope that this new edition provides a resource for teachers, students, and practitioners of epidemiology. We have attempted to be as accurate as possible, but we recognize that any work of this scope will contain mistakes and omissions. We are grateful to readers of earlier editions who have brought such items to our attention. We intend to continue our past practice of posting such corrections on an internet page, as well as incorporating such corrections into subsequent printings.

We are also grateful to many colleagues who have reviewed sections of the current text and provided useful feedback. Although we cannot mention everyone who helped in that regard, we give special thanks to Onyebuchi Arah, Matthew Fox, Jamie Gradus, Jennifer Hill, Katherine Hoggatt, Marshal Joffe, Ari Lipsky, James Robins, Federico Soldani, Henrik Toft Sørensen, Soe Soe Thwin and Tyler VanderWeele. An earlier version of Chapter 18 appeared in the International Journal of Epidemiology (2006;35:765–778), reproduced with permission of Oxford University Press. Finally, we thank Mary Anne Armstrong, Alan Dyer, Gary Friedman, Ulrik Gerdes, Paul Sorlie, and Katsuhiko Yano for providing unpublished information used in the examples of Chapter 33.

-- Authors --

Key Features

• NEW Completely revised and updated.
• NEW New chapters cover causal modeling: Bayesian analysis, probabilistic bias analysis, social epidemiology, and use of secondary.
• Comprehensive and cohesive text on the principles and methods of contemporary epidemiologic research.
• Major sections cover basic concepts, study design and conduct, data analysis, and special topics.
• Special topics section includes chapters on specific areas of research such as disease surveillance, ecologic studies, social epidemiology, infectious disease epidemiology, genetic and molecular epidemiology, nutritional epidemiology, environmental epidemiology, reproductive epidemiology, and clinical epidemiology.

Contents

INTRODUCTION

• Modern Epidemiology

BASIC CONCEPTS

• Causation and Causal Inference
• Measures of Occurrence
• Measures of Effect and Measures of Association
• Concepts of Interaction

STUDY DESIGN AND CONDUCT

• Types of Epidemiologic Studies
• Cohort Studies
• Case-control Studies
• Validity in Epidemiologic Studies
• Precision and Statistics in Epidemiologic Studies
• Design Strategies to Improve Study Accuracy
• Causal Diagrams

DATA ANALYSIS

• Fundamentals of Epidemiologic Data Analysis
• Introduction to Categorical Statistics
• Introduction to Stratified Analysis
• Applications of Stratified Analysis Methods
• Analysis of Polytomous Exposures and Outcomes
• Introduction to Bayesian Statistics
• Bias Analysis
• Introduction to Regression Models
• Introduction to Regression Modeling

SPECIAL TOPICS

• Surveillance
• Using Secondary Data
• Field Methods in Epidemiology
• Ecologic Studies
• Social Epidemiology
• Infectious Disease Epidemiology
• Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology
• Nutritional Epidemiology
• Environmental Epidemiology
• Methodologic Issues in Reproductive Epidemiology
• Clinical Epidemiology
• Meta-analysis

About the Authors

• Kenneth J. Rothman, Vice President, Epidemiology Research, RTI Health Solutions; Professor of Epidemiology and Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.
• Sander Greenland, Professor of Epidemiology and Statistics, University of California Los Angeles, California.
• Timothy L. Lash, Associate Professor of Epidemiology and Medicine, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts.

Product Details

• Hardcover: 851 pages
• Publisher: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; Third edition (March 14, 2008)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0781755646
• ISBN-13: 978-0781755641
• Product Dimensions: 10.1 x 7.2 x 1.1 inches

List Price: $99.00 

Carr: An Introduction to Public Health & Epidemiology 2nd Edition

The focus of public health is on populations and communities. This is a very different perspective from the day-to-day focus of most health professionals on the health problems of individuals. We hope in this book to introduce students and practitioners of nursing and other health and social care workers to the ‘public health perspective’, to provide a framework for examining public health issues and to allow the reader to start to place her or his practice within the wider context of health, and determinants of health, of the community in which they work.

This book is a study guide. Our goal is to encourage you to think through, and be critical about, key issues to do with the measurement and improvement of public health and the role in this played by organized health care. The chapters cover topics which we hope will enable this goal to be achieved. There may be other areas you feel we should have covered. We would very much welcome your feedback on the content and any other aspect of this book.
- The Authors - 

Each chapter has a standard format and is presented in the following way:

• Questions: some examples of the kinds of questions the chapter will help you to answer.
• Outcomes: what you should be able to do after working through the chapter and the exercises provided.
• Exercises: these are presented throughout the chapter. They are there to help you understand key issues. It is therefore important to work through them. You’ll be pleased to hear that most of them are very short. There are a few exercises that will involve going away and seeking out other information, but these are identified in the text and are optional. They are there if you wish to develop further your understanding of a particular issue.
• Summary: key issues, ideas or concepts from the chapter are identified in summary questions. Spaces are left for your responses for two main reasons: 
• (1) by completing this section you can revise the issues of the chapter and assess for yourself how well you have met the outcomes; 
• (2) you can make your own summary specific to your particular health interests and your branch of health or social care.
• Public health standards: at the end of each chapter a table is provided which lists ten public health standards. You are invited to consider which are pertinent to the chapter content, to reflect on your current skills and knowledge, and to develop action plans to address any learning needs.

Contents

• Preface ix
• Introduction 1
• 1 Lessons from the history of public health and epidemiology for the twenty-first century 5
• 2 Sources and critical use of health information 17
• 3 Measuring the frequency of health problems 35
• 4 Measures of risk 49
• 5 Epidemiological study designs 57
• 6 Weighing up the evidence from epidemiological studies 72
• 7 The determinants of health and disease 83
• 8 Health promotion 97
• 9 Health needs analysis 111
• 10 Principles of screening 131
• 11 Changing public health: what impacts on public health practice? 146
• Further reading, references and resources 160
• Index 168

About the Author

• Susan Carr is Reader in Public Health and Primary Care at Northumbria University,UK, where she researches and teaches public health and primary care issues.
• Nigel Unwin is Professor of Epidemiology, in Advancing Research in Chronic Disease Epidemiology (ARCHES) and lead of the WHO Collaborating Centre for Diabetes, in the Institute of Health and Society at Newcastle University, UK.
• Tanja Pless-Mulloli is Professor of Environmental Epidemiology and lead of the Environment and Health team in the Institute of Health and Society at Newcastle University, UK.

Product Details

• Paperback: 192 pages
• Publisher: Open University Press; 2 edition (September 1, 2008)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 0335216242
• ISBN-13: 978-0335216246
• Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.7 x 0.6 inches

List Price: $45.00 
 

Aschengrau: Essentials of Epidemiology in Public Health 2nd Edition

Successfully tested in the authors' courses at Boston University and Harvard University, this text combines theory and practice in presenting traditional and new epidemiologic concepts. Broad in scope, the text opens with five chapters covering the basic epidemiologic concepts and data sources. A major emphasis is placed on study design, with separate chapters devoted to each of the three main analytic designs: experimental, cohort, and case-control studies.

Full chapters on bias, confounding, and random error, including the role of statistics in epidemiology, ensure that students are well-equipped with the necessary information to interpret the results of epidemiologic studies. An entire chapter is also devoted to the concept of effect measure modification, an often-neglected topic in introductory textbooks. Up-to-date examples from the epidemiologic literature on diseases of public health importance are provided throughout the book.

The Second Edition has been thoroughly revised with up-to-date examples and data from epidemiologic literature and features over 100 new study questions.

Contents

• Chapter 1 The Approach and Evolution of Epidemiology
• Chapter 2 Measures of Disease Frequency
• Chapter 3 Comparing Disease Frequencies
• Chapter 4 Sources of Public Health Data
• Chapter 5 Descriptive Epidemiology
• Chapter 6 Overview of Epidemiologic Study Designs
• Chapter 7 Experimental Studies
• Chapter 8 Cohort Studies
• Chapter 9 Case-Control Studies
• Chapter 10 Bias
• Chapter 11 Confounding
• Chapter 12 Random Error
• Chapter 13 Effect Measure Modification
• Chapter 14 Critical Review of Epidemiologic Studies
• Chapter 15 The Epidemiologic Approach to Causation
• Chapter 16 The Epidemiologic Approach to Causation
• Chapter 17 Ethics in Research Involving Human Participants

About the Authors

• Ann Aschengrau, ScD-Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.
• George R. Seage, ScD-Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts.

Product Details

• Paperback: 516 pages
• Publisher: Jones & Bartlett Publishers; 2 edition (June 8, 2007)
• Language: English
• ISBN-10: 076374025X
• ISBN-13: 978-0763740252
• Product Dimensions: 8.8 x 5.9 x 1.1 inches

List Price: $101.95