Medical Lecture Note: Winn: Youmans Neurological Surgery 6th Edition (Expert Consult Series) 4 Volume Set

The second decade of the 21st century marks the beginning of the second century of “modern” neurological surgery. The continuous changes in our discipline reflect the dynamic aspects of neurosurgical practice and neuroscience research. In a similar fashion, the sixth edition of Youmans Neurological Surgery contains many significant transformations from previous editions. The presentation of the entire book has been redesigned, with every illustration, photograph, chart, and table now in color. All chapters have been significantly revised and updated. There are new topics and sections and many novel chapters. In addition, video clips of patient evaluation, positioning, surgical procedures, and operative techniques are available in both the print and electronic edition. The electronic features, an important new component of the sixth edition of Youmans Neurological Surgery, are designed to facilitate understanding of the complexities of neurological surgery. In addition, because advances in the neurosciences and neurological surgery are not limited by national boundaries, we have significantly broadened our international authorship to reflect this global basis of knowledge. Lastly, as practitioners recognize, neurosurgery is built on a firm foundation that neurosurgeons use daily when providing patient care; the reader will find these important clinical tools also readily available and updated in the sixth edition.

The overall goal in the creation of the sixth edition of Youmans Neurological Surgery is to provide an encyclopedic overview of neurological surgery for both the nascent and experienced clinician. Time and experience alone will not convert the former to the latter; the acquisition of knowledge and judgment is critical for this transformation.

It should be self-evident that the provision of this knowledge provided in the sixth edition represents the diligent work of many individuals. I enthusiastically express my appreciation to the stellar and thoughtful authors of the 398 chapters. Their work represents the essential building blocks for the practice of neurological surgery.

The creation of this multi-authored textbook required hard work and discipline by the section editors to whom I offer much gratitude. If the individual authors are the building blocks, then the following section editors represent the mortar: Ron L. Alterman, MD (Functional Neurosurgery); Henry Brem, MD (Oncology); M. Ross Bullock, MD (Trauma); Kim J. Burchiel, MD (Pain); E. Antonio Chiocca, MD (Oncology); E. Sander Connolly Jr, MD (Vascular); William T. Couldwell, MD (General Neurosurgery); Aaron Filler, MD (Peripheral Nerve); William A. Friedman, MD (Radiation); Saadi Ghatan, MD (Pediatrics); Robert E. Harbaugh, MD (Electronic Features/Video); David Hovda, PhD (Trauma); Matthew A. Howard III, MD (Epilepsy); Hong Gyu Kim, MD, PhD (Electronic Features/Video); David G. Kline, MD (Peripheral Nerve); Andres M. Lozano, MD, PhD (Functional Neurosurgery); Peter D. LeRoux, MD (Introduction and Basic Science); L. Dade Lunsford, MD (Radiation); Pierre Magistretti, MD, PhD (Introduction and Basic Science); Guy M. McKhann II, MD (Epilepsy); Fredric B. Meyer, MD (Vascular); Edward H. Oldfield, MD (Introduction and Basic Science); T. S. Park, MD (Pediatrics); Bruce E. Pollock, MD (Radiation); Raymond Sawaya, (Oncology); R. Michael Scott, MD (Pediatrics); Christopher I. Shaffrey, MD (Spine); Volker K. H. Sonntag, MD (Spine); Robert F. Spetzler, MD (Vascular); Dennis G. Vollmer, MD (Spine); and Eric L. Zager, MD (Peripheral Nerve).

I thank my long-time associates, Mitchel S. Berger, MD, and Ralph G. Dacey, MD, for their creative input. These Deputy Editors-in-Chief were critical architects in helping with the intellectual design of the sixth edition.

To bring to fruition a work of this magnitude requires a highly professional editorial effort, and for this I thank the members of the Saunders/Elsevier team, the project managers, Jodi Kaye and Doug Turner. Very special thanks to Jennifer Shreiner, senior developmental editor, who was indispensible on a daily basis in the hard work of organizing chapters and prodding the authors, section editors, and me. Lastly, I thank Rebecca Gaertner, senior acquisitions editor, for her long-term advice, input, and patience.

A personal note of gratitude goes to my wife, Debbie, for her sustaining support and editorial assistance; our son, Randy, and his wife, Tamara; our daughter, Allison, and her husband, Adam; and Campbell, Mia, Amelia, and Lexi for being here.

-- H. Richard Winn --

Key Features

Overcome any clinical challenge with this comprehensive and up-to-date neurosurgical reference, and ensure the best outcomes for your patients.
Rely on this single source for convenient access to the definitive answers you need in your practice.
Successfully perform functional and restorative neurosurgery (FRN) with expert guidance on the diagnostic aspects, medical therapy, and cutting-edge approaches shown effective in the treatment of tremor, Parkinson's disease, dystonia, and psychiatric disorders.
Sharpen your neurosurgical expertise with updated and enhanced coverage of complication avoidance and intracranial pressure monitoring, epilepsy, neuro-oncology, pain, peripheral nerve surgery, radiosurgery/radiation therapy, and much more.
Master new techniques with nearly 100 surgical videos online of intraoperative procedures including endoscopic techniques for spine and peripheral nerve surgery, the surgical resection for spinal cord hemangiomas, the resection of a giant AVM; and the radiosurgical and interventional therapy for vascular lesions and tumors.
Confidently perform surgical techniques with access to full-color anatomic and surgical line drawings in this totally revised illustration program.
Get fresh perspectives from new section editors and authors who are all respected international authorities in their respective neurosurgery specialties.
Conveniently search the complete text online, view all of the videos, follow links to PubMed, and download all images at www.expertconsult.com.

Website Features

Consult the book from any computer at home, in your office, or at any practice location.
Instantly locate the answers to your clinical questions via a simple search query.
Quickly find out more about any bibliographical citation by linking to its MEDLINE abstract.
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Videos: View video clips that demonstrate a wide variety of procedures.

Contents

Volume 1

Section I - Introduction to Neurological Surgery

Part 1 - History

CHAPTER 1 - Historical Overview of Neurosurgery

Part 2 - Basic Science

CHAPTER 2 - Surgical Anatomy of the Brain
CHAPTER 3 - Molecular Biology Primer for Neurosurgeons
CHAPTER 4 - Neuroembryology
CHAPTER 5 - Stem Cell Biology in the Central Nervous System
CHAPTER 6 - Neurons and Neuroglia
CHAPTER 7 - Cellular Mechanisms of Brain Energy Metabolism
CHAPTER 8 - Blood-Brain Barrier
CHAPTER 9 - Cerebral Edema
CHAPTER 10 - Physiology of the Cerebrospinal Fluid and Intracranial Pressure
CHAPTER 11 - Neurosurgical Epidemiology and Outcomes Assessment

Part 3 - Approach to the Patient

CHAPTER 12 - Altered Consciousness
CHAPTER 13 - Neuroophthalmology
CHAPTER 14 - Neurotology
CHAPTER 15 - Neurourology
CHAPTER 16 - Neuropsychological Testing

Part 4 - Radiologic Fundamentals

CHAPTER 17 - Computed Tomography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Brain
CHAPTER 18 - Radiology of the Spine
CHAPTER 19 - Physiologic Evaluation of the Brain with Magnetic Resonance Imaging
CHAPTER 20 - Molecular Imaging of the Brain with Positron Emission Tomography

Section II - General Neurosurgery

Part 1 - Perioperative Care

CHAPTER 21 - Neuroanesthesia: Preoperative Evaluation
CHAPTER 22 - Avoidance of Complications in Neurosurgery
CHAPTER 23 - Intracranial Pressure Monitoring
CHAPTER 24 - Principles of Neurocritical Care

Part 2 - General Principles and Surgical Techniques

CHAPTER 25 - Surgical Planning: Overview
CHAPTER 26 - Positioning for Cranial Surgery
CHAPTER 27 - Patient Positioning for Spinal Surgery
CHAPTER 28 - Positioning in Peripheral Nerve Surgery
CHAPTER 29 - Incisions and Closures
CHAPTER 30 - Advantages and Limitations of Cranial Endoscopy
CHAPTER 31 - Thorascopic Spine Surgery
CHAPTER 32 - Cranioplasty

Part 3A - Geriatric Neurosurgery: Evaluation of Adult Hydrocephalus

CHAPTER 33 - Production and Flow of Cerebrospinal Fluid
CHAPTER 34 - Clinical Evaluation of Adult Hydrocephalus
CHAPTER 35 - Shunting
CHAPTER 36 - Adult Hydrocephalus: The Role of Endoscopic Third Ventriculostomy

Part 3B - Geriatric Neurosurgery: Subdural Hematomas

CHAPTER 37 - Pathophysiology of Subdural Hematomas
CHAPTER 38 - Medical and Surgical Management of Chronic Subdural Hematomas

Part 4 - Infection

CHAPTER 39 - Basic Science of Central Nervous System Infections
CHAPTER 40 - Postoperative Infections of the Head and Brain
CHAPTER 41 - Postoperative Infections of the Spine
CHAPTER 42 - The Use and Misuse of Antibiotics in Neurosurgery
CHAPTER 43 - Brain Abscess
CHAPTER 44 - Meningitis and Encephalitis
CHAPTER 45 - Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
CHAPTER 46 - Parasitic Infections
CHAPTER 47 - Surgical Risk of Transmittable Diseases

Section III - Epilepsy

Part 1 - Basic Science

CHAPTER 48 - Epilepsy Surgery Overview
CHAPTER 49 - Electrophysiologic Properties of the Mammalian Central Nervous System
CHAPTER 50 - Animal Models of Epilepsy
CHAPTER 51 - Malformations of Cortical Development

Part 2 - Approach to the Patient

CHAPTER 52 - Diagnosis and Classification of Seizures and Epilepsy
CHAPTER 53 - Antiepileptic Medications: Principles of Clinical Use

Part 3 - Preoperative Evaluation for Epilepsy

CHAPTER 54 - Continuous Electroencephalography in Neurological-Neurosurgical Intensive Care: Applications and Value
CHAPTER 55 - Neuroradiologic Evaluation for Epilepsy Surgery
CHAPTER 56 - Evaluation of Patients for Epilepsy Surgery

Part 4 - Intraoperative Mapping and Monitoring for Cortical Resections

CHAPTER 57 - Motor, Sensory, and Language Mapping and Monitoring for Cortical Resections
CHAPTER 58 - Auditory Language Mapping
CHAPTER 59 - Investigation of Human Cognition in Epilepsy Surgery Patients

Part 5 - Specific Operative Approaches

CHAPTER 60 - Intracranial Monitoring
CHAPTER 61 - Surgery for Extratemporal Lobe Epilepsy
CHAPTER 62 - Standard Temporal Lobectomy
CHAPTER 63 - Selective Amygdalohippocampectomy
CHAPTER 64 - Tailored Resections for Epilepsy
CHAPTER 65 - Topectomy and Multiple Subpial Transection
CHAPTER 66 - Hemispheric Disconnection Procedures
CHAPTER 67 - Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Intractable Epilepsy
CHAPTER 68 - Radiosurgical Treatment of Epilepsy
CHAPTER 69 - Deep Brain Stimulation for Epilepsy
CHAPTER 70 - Epilepsy Surgery: Outcome and Complications

Section IV - Functional Neurosurgery

Part 1 - Overview

CHAPTER 71 - Introduction

Part 2 - Basic Science of Movement Disorders

CHAPTER 72 - Anatomy and Synaptic Connectivity of the Basal Ganglia
CHAPTER 73 - Rationale for Surgical Interventions in Movement Disorders
CHAPTER 74 - Neuropathology of Movement Disorders

Part 3 - Neurology of Movement Disorders

CHAPTER 75 - Clinical Overview of Movement Disorders
CHAPTER 76 - Patient Selection Criteria for Deep Brain Stimulation in Movement Disorders
CHAPTER 77 - Functional Imaging in Movement Disorders

Part 4 - Surgery for Movement Disorders

CHAPTER 78 - Surgical Management of Tremor
CHAPTER 79 - Pallidal Interventions for Parkinson's Disease
CHAPTER 80 - Subthalamic Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease
CHAPTER 81 - Subthalamotomy in Parkinson's Disease: Indications and Outcome
CHAPTER 82 - Deep Brain Stimulation for Dystonia
CHAPTER 83 - Deep Brain Stimulation: Mechanisms of Action
CHAPTER 84 - Emerging and Experimental Neurosurgical Treatments for Parkinson's Disease
CHAPTER 85 - Selective Peripheral Denervation for Cervical Dystonia

Part 5 - Surgery for Psychiatric Disorders

CHAPTER 86 - A History of Psychosurgery
CHAPTER 87 - Surgery for Tourette's Syndrome
CHAPTER 88 - Surgery for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
CHAPTER 89 - Surgical Treatment of Major Depression

Part 6 - Surgical Interventions for Spasticity

CHAPTER 90 - Ablative Surgery for Spasticity
CHAPTER 91 - Management of Spasticity by Central Nervous System Infusion Techniques

Part 7 - Miscellaneous

CHAPTER 92 - Treatment of Intractable Vertigo
CHAPTER 93 - Treatment Applications of Cortical Stimulation
CHAPTER 94 - Neuroprosthetics

Volume 2

Section V - Oncology

Part 1 - Overview

CHAPTER 95 - Brain Tumors: General Considerations

Part 2 - Basic Science of Neurooncology

CHAPTER 96 - Brain Tumors: An Overview of Current Histopathologic Classifications
CHAPTER 97 - Brain Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy
CHAPTER 98 - Brain Tumor Stem Cells
CHAPTER 99 - Proliferation Markers in the Evaluation of Gliomas
CHAPTER 100 - Molecular Genetics and the Development of Targets for Glioma Therapy
CHAPTER 101 - Growth Factors in Glial Tumors
CHAPTER 102 - The Genetic Origins of Brain Tumors
CHAPTER 103 - Invasion in Malignant Glioma
CHAPTER 104 - Angiogenesis and Brain Tumors: Molecular Targets and Molecular Scalpels
CHAPTER 105 - Barriers to Delivery of Therapeutics to Brain Tumors
CHAPTER 106 - Epidemiology of Brain Tumors
CHAPTER 107 - Gene- and Viral-Based Therapies for Gliomas

Part 3 - Approach to the Patient

CHAPTER 108 - Clinical Features: Neurology of Brain Tumor and Paraneoplastic Disorders
CHAPTER 109 - Radiologic Features of Central Nervous System Tumors
CHAPTER 110 - Endovascular Techniques for Tumor Embolization
CHAPTER 111 - Brain Tumors during Pregnancy
CHAPTER 112 - Principles of Chemotherapy
CHAPTER 113 - Brain Tumor Outcome Studies: Design and Interpretation
CHAPTER 114 - Frame and Frameless Stereotactic Brain Biopsy

Part 4 - Surgical Considerations

CHAPTER 115 - Basic Principles of Cranial Surgery for Brain Tumors
CHAPTER 116 - Basic Principles of Skull Base Surgery
CHAPTER 117 - Surgical Complications of Brain Tumors and Their Avoidance
CHAPTER 118 - Navigation for Brain Tumors
CHAPTER 119 - Endoscopic Approaches to Brain Tumors
CHAPTER 120 - Intraoperative Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Part 5 - Intrinsic Tumors

CHAPTER 121 - Low-Grade Gliomas: Astrocytoma, Oligodendroglioma, and Mixed Glioma
CHAPTER 122 - Malignant Gliomas: Anaplastic Astrocytoma, Glioblastoma Multiforme, Gliosarcoma
CHAPTER 123 - Unusual Gliomas
CHAPTER 124 - Primitive Neuroectodermal Tumors
CHAPTER 125 - Pineal Tumors
CHAPTER 126 - Medulloblastoma
CHAPTER 127 - Intracranial Ependymomas in Adults
CHAPTER 128 - Hemangioblastomas
CHAPTER 129 - Central Nervous System Lymphoma
CHAPTER 130 - Metastatic Brain Tumors

Part 6 - Extrinsic Tumors

CHAPTER 131 - Meningiomas
CHAPTER 132 - Meningeal Sarcoma and Meningeal Hemangiopericytoma
CHAPTER 133 - Acoustic Neuroma
CHAPTER 134 - Pituitary Tumors: Functioning and Nonfunctioning
CHAPTER 135 - Craniopharyngioma
CHAPTER 136 - Epidermoid, Dermoid, and Neurenteric Cysts
CHAPTER 137 - Neoplastic Meningitis

Part 7 - Ventricular Tumors

CHAPTER 138 - Ventricular Tumors

Part 8 - Skull and Skull Base Tumors

CHAPTER 139 - Overview of Skull Base Tumors
CHAPTER 140 - Chordomas and Chondrosarcomas
CHAPTER 141 - Glomus Tumors
CHAPTER 142 - Neoplasms of the Paranasal Sinuses
CHAPTER 143 - Esthesioneuroblastoma
CHAPTER 144 - Trigeminal Schwannomas
CHAPTER 145 - Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma
CHAPTER 146 - Osseous Tumors
CHAPTER 147 - Tumors of the Orbit
CHAPTER 148 - Skull Tumors
CHAPTER 149 - Scalp Tumors

Part 9 - Nonneoplastic Disorders Mimicking Brain Tumors

CHAPTER 150 - Pseudotumor Cerebri
CHAPTER 151 - Sarcoidosis, Tuberculosis, and Xanthogranuloma
CHAPTER 152 - Demyelinating Disease

Section VI - Pain

Part 1 - Overview

CHAPTER 153 - Pain: General Historical Considerations

Part 2 - Basic Science

CHAPTER 154 - Anatomy and Physiology of Pain
CHAPTER 155 - Molecular Basis of Nociception

Part 3 - Nonsurgical Therapy

CHAPTER 156 - Approach to the Patient with Chronic Pain
CHAPTER 157 - Pharmacologic Treatment of Pain
CHAPTER 158 - Management of Pain by Anesthetic Techniques

Part 4 - Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia

CHAPTER 159 - Evidence-Based Approach to the Treatment of Facial Pain
CHAPTER 160 - Trigeminal Neuralgia: Diagnosis and Nonoperative Management
CHAPTER 161 - Percutaneous Procedures for Trigeminal Neuralgia
CHAPTER 162 - Stereotactic Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia
CHAPTER 163 - Microvascular Decompression for Trigeminal Neuralgia

Part 5A - Surgical Procedures for Nontrigeminal Pain

CHAPTER 164 - Neurosurgical Management of Intractable Pain

Part 5B - Surgical Procedures for Nontrigeminal Pain: Neuromodulation

CHAPTER 165 - Evidence Base: Neurostimulation for Pain
CHAPTER 166 - Peripheral Nerve Stimulation for Neuropathic Pain
CHAPTER 167 - Spinal Cord Stimulation
CHAPTER 168 - Motor Cortex Stimulation

Part 5C - Surgical Procedures for Nontrigeminal Pain: Destructive Procedures

CHAPTER 169 - Evidence Base for Destructive Procedures
CHAPTER 170 - Diagnosis and Management of Painful Neuromas
CHAPTER 171 - Dorsal Root Entry Zone Lesions
CHAPTER 172 - Percutaneous Cordotomy and Trigeminal Tractotomy-Nucleotomy

Section VII - Pediatrics

Part 1 - Overview and Approach

CHAPTER 173 - Neuroanesthesia in Children
CHAPTER 174 - Neurocritical Care in Children

Part 2 - Cranial Development Abnormalities

CHAPTER 176 - Encephalocele
CHAPTER 177 - Dandy-Walker Syndrome
CHAPTER 178 - Arachnoid Cysts
CHAPTER 179 - Chiari Malformations
CHAPTER 180 - Craniopagus Twins

Part 3 - Craniosynostosis

CHAPTER 182 - Craniosynostosis
CHAPTER 183 - Syndromic Craniosynostosis
CHAPTER 184 - Endoscopic Treatment of Craniosynostosis
CHAPTER 185 - Plagiocephaly

Part 4 - Hydrocephalus

CHAPTER 187 - Infantile Posthemorrhagic Hydrocephalus
CHAPTER 188 - Cerebrospinal Fluid Physiology
CHAPTER 189 - Experimental Hydrocephalus
CHAPTER 190 - Ventricular Shunting Procedures
CHAPTER 191 - Neuroendoscopy
CHAPTER 192 - Cerebrospinal Fluid Devices
CHAPTER 193 - Shunt Infections and Their Treatment

Part 5 - Pediatric Cranial and Intracranial Tumors

CHAPTER 195 - Optic Pathway Hypothalamic Gliomas
CHAPTER 196 - Thalamic Tumors
CHAPTER 197 - Choroid Plexus Tumors
CHAPTER 198 - Pediatric Craniopharyngioma
CHAPTER 199 - Supratentorial Hemispheric Tumors
CHAPTER 200 - Ependymoma
CHAPTER 201 - Medulloblastoma in Children
CHAPTER 202 - Cerebellar Astrocytomas
CHAPTER 203 - Brainstem Glioma
CHAPTER 204 - Intracranial Germ Cell Tumors
CHAPTER 205 - Familial Tumors (Neurocutaneous Syndromes)
CHAPTER 206 - Skull Tumors and Fibrous Dysplasia

Part 6 - Vascular Disease

CHAPTER 208 - Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation

Part 7 - Head and Brain Trauma

CHAPTER 210 - Child Abuse
CHAPTER 211 - Growing Skull Fracture
CHAPTER 212 - Birth Head Trauma
CHAPTER 213 - Birth Brachial Plexus Injury

Part 8 - Spine Disorders in Children

CHAPTER 215 - Lipomyelomeningocele
CHAPTER 216 - Split Spinal Cord
CHAPTER 217 - Tethered Spinal Cord: Fatty Filum Terminale, Meningocele Manque, and Dermal Sinus Tracts
CHAPTER 218 - Developmental Abnormalities of the Craniocervical Junction
CHAPTER 219 - Achondroplasia and Other Dwarfisms
CHAPTER 220 - Cervical Spine Disorders in Children
CHAPTER 221 - Intramedullary Spinal Cord Tumors in Children
CHAPTER 222 - Spine Tumors in Children
CHAPTER 223 - Thoracolumbar Spinal Disorders in Pediatric Patients
CHAPTER 224 - Vertebral Column and Spinal Cord Injuries in Children

Part 9 - Cerebral Palsy, Spasticity, and Dystonia

CHAPTER 226 - Intrathecal Baclofen Therapy for Cerebral Palsy
CHAPTER 227 - Selective Dorsal Rhizotomy for Spastic Cerebral Palsy
CHAPTER 228 - Dystonia in Children

Volume 3

Section VIII - Peripheral Nerve

Part 1 - Overview

Part 2 - Basic Science of Peripheral Nerve Disorders

Part 3 - Approach to the Patient with Peripheral Nerve Disorders

CHAPTER 232 - Electrodiagnostic Evaluation of Peripheral Nerves: Electromyography and Nerve Conduction Studies
CHAPTER 233 - Peripheral Neuropathies
CHAPTER 234 - Operative Neurophysiology of Peripheral Nerves
CHAPTER 235 - Imaging for Peripheral Nerve Disorders

Part 4 - Management of Peripheral Nerve Entrapment

CHAPTER 237 - Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
CHAPTER 238 - Piriformis Syndrome, Obturator Internus Syndrome, Pudendal Nerve Entrapment, and Other Pelvic Entrapments

Part 5 - Management and Repair of Peripheral Nerve Injuries

CHAPTER 240 - Management of Acute Peripheral Nerve Injuries
CHAPTER 241 - Early Management of Brachial Plexus Injuries
CHAPTER 242 - Secondary Procedures for Brachial Plexus Injuries
CHAPTER 243 - Nerve Injuries of the Lower Extremity

Part 6 - Management of Peripheral Nerve Tumors

CHAPTER 245 - Surgery for Malignant Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors

Part 7 - Management of Pain and Complications in Peripheral Nerve Surgery

Section IX - Radiation

Part 1 - Overview

Part 2 - Basic Science of Radiotechniques

CHAPTER 249 - The Radiobiology and Physics of Radiosurgery

Part 3 - Fractionated Radiation Therapy

CHAPTER 251 - Fractionated Radiation Therapy for Benign Brain Tumors
CHAPTER 252 - Fractionated Radiotherapy for Spine Tumors
CHAPTER 253 - Interstitial and Intracavitary Irradiation of Brain Tumors

Part 4 - Techniques of Radiosurgery

CHAPTER 255 - Linear Accelerator Radiosurgery: Technical Aspects
CHAPTER 255W - Linear Accelerator Radiosurgery: Technical Aspects
CHAPTER 256 - Gamma Knife Radiosurgery
CHAPTER 257 - Image-Guided Robotic Radiosurgery: The CyberKnife

Part 5 - Intracranial Stereotactic Radiosurgery

CHAPTER 259 - Radiosurgery of Benign Intracranial Tumors
CHAPTER 260 - Radiosurgery for Intracranial Vascular Malformations
CHAPTER 261 - Radiosurgery for Functional Disorders

Part 6 - Extracranial Stereotactic Radiosurgery

CHAPTER 263 - Radiosurgery for Benign Spine Tumors and Vascular Malformations

Section X - Spine

Part 1 - Overview

Part 2 - Basic Science of the Spine

CHAPTER 266 - Biomaterials and Biomechanics of Spinal Arthroplasty
CHAPTER 267 - Principles of Translation of Biologic Therapies in Spinal Cord Injury
CHAPTER 268 - Current Status and Future Direction of Management of Spinal Cord Injury
CHAPTER 269 - Intraoperative Monitoring of the Spinal Cord and Nerve Roots
CHAPTER 270 - Concepts of Disk Degeneration and Regeneration
CHAPTER 271 - Bone Metabolism and Osteoporosis and Its Effects on Spinal Disease and Surgical Treatments

Part 3 - Approach to the Patient

CHAPTER 273 - Diagnosis and Management of Diskogenic Lower Back Pain
CHAPTER 274 - Metabolic and Other Nondegenerative Causes of Low Back Pain
CHAPTER 275 - Evaluation, Indications, and Techniques of Revision Spine Surgery

Part 4 - Infection of the Spine

CHAPTER 277 - Fungal and Tubercular Infections of the Spine

Part 5 - Degenerative Disease of the Spine

CHAPTER 279 - Posterior Approach to Cervical Degenerative Disease
CHAPTER 280 - Anterior Approach for Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy
CHAPTER 281 - Spondyloarthropathies (Including Ankylosing Spondylitis)
CHAPTER 282 - Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament and Other Enthesopathies
CHAPTER 283 - Treatment of Thoracic Disk Herniation
CHAPTER 284 - Treatment of Disk Disease of the Lumbar Spine
CHAPTER 285 - Lumbar Spine Stenosis
CHAPTER 286 - Pediatric Spondylolisthesis
CHAPTER 287 - Adult Thoracolumbar Scoliosis
CHAPTER 288 - Flat Back and Sagittal Plane Deformity

Part 6 - Congenital and Developmental Anomalies of the Spine

CHAPTER 290 - Congenital Abnormalities of the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine

Part 7 - Techniques for Spinal Procedures

CHAPTER 292 - Bone Graft Options, Bone Graft Substitutes, and Bone Harvest Techniques
CHAPTER 293 - Cervical Arthroplasty
CHAPTER 294 - Lumbar Arthroplasty: Total Disk Replacement and Nucleus Replacement Technologies
CHAPTER 295 - Nucleoplasty and Posterior Dynamic Stabilization Systems
CHAPTER 296 - Spinopelvic Fixation

Part 8 - Instrumentation in Spinal Surgery

CHAPTER 298 - Occiput, C1, and C2 Instrumentation
CHAPTER 299 - Posterior Subaxial and Cervicothoracic Instrumentation
CHAPTER 300 - Anterior Thoracic Instrumentation
CHAPTER 301 - Posterior Thoracic Instrumentation
CHAPTER 302 - Anterior Lumbar Instrumentation
CHAPTER 303 - Posterior Lumbar Instrumentation
CHAPTER 304 - Posterior, Transforaminal, and Anterior Lumbar Interbody Fusion: Techniques and Instrumentation
CHAPTER 305 - Image-Guided Spinal Navigation: Principles and Clinical Applications
CHAPTER 306 - Thoracoscopic Approaches to the Spine
CHAPTER 307 - Minimally Invasive Techniques for Lumbar Disorders

Part 9 - Tumors of the Spine

CHAPTER 309 - Spinal Cord Tumors in Adults
CHAPTER 310 - Evaluation and Management of Spinal Axis Tumors: Benign and Primary Malignant
CHAPTER 311 - Evaluation and Management of Spinal Axis Tumors: Metastatic

Part 10 - Spinal Trauma

CHAPTER 313 - Evaluation and Management of Craniocervical Dissociation
CHAPTER 314 - Atlantoaxial Rotatory Subluxation, Transverse Ligament Injury
CHAPTER 315 - Evaluation and Treatment of Odontoid and Hangman's Fractures
CHAPTER 316 - Pathology of the Cervicothoracic Junction: Evaluation and Treatment
CHAPTER 317 - Transient Quadriparesis and Athletic Injuries of the Cervical Spine
CHAPTER 318 - Diagnosis and Management of Thoracic Spine Fractures
CHAPTER 319 - Thoracolumbar Trauma
CHAPTER 320 - Sacral Fractures
CHAPTER 321 - Osteoporotic Fractures: Evaluation and Treatment with Vertebroplasty and Kyphoplasty

Volume 4

Section XI - Trauma

Part 1 - Introduction

Part 2 - Basic and Clinical Science

CHAPTER 324 - Biomechanical Basis of Traumatic Brain Injury
CHAPTER 325 - Neuropathology of Traumatic Brain Injury
CHAPTER 326 - Animal Models of Traumatic Brain Injury
CHAPTER 327 - Neurochemical Pathomechanisms in Traumatic Brain Injury
CHAPTER 328 - Regeneration and Repair
CHAPTER 329 - Current Concepts of Hypothermia in Traumatic Brain Injury

Part 3 - Radiology in Traumatic Brain Surgery

Part 4 - Management of Traumatic Brain Surgery

CHAPTER 332 - Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adults and Concussion in Sports
CHAPTER 333 - Initial Resuscitation, Prehospital Care, and Emergency Room Care in Traumatic Brain Injury
CHAPTER 334 - Critical Care Management of Traumatic Brain Injury
CHAPTER 335 - Surgical Management of Traumatic Brain Injury
CHAPTER 336 - Traumatic and Penetrating Head Injuries
CHAPTER 337 - Blast-Induced Neurotrauma
CHAPTER 338 - Indications and Techniques for Cranial Decompression after Traumatic Brain Injury
CHAPTER 339 - Craniofacial Injuries

Part 5 - Sequelae and Outcome in Traumatic Brain Surgery

CHAPTER 341 - Traumatic Cerebrospinal Fluid Fistulas
CHAPTER 342 - Rehabilitation of Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury

Section XII - Vascular

Part 1 - Overview: Basic Science, Medical Management, and Radiologic Evaluation

CHAPTER 344 - Acute Medical Management of Ischemic/Hemorrhagic Stroke
CHAPTER 345 - Intraoperative Cerebral Protection
CHAPTER 346 - Circulatory Arrest with Deep Hypothermia
CHAPTER 347 - Transcranial Doppler Ultrasonography and Neurosonology
CHAPTER 348 - Neurovascular Imaging

Part 2 - Occlusive Vascular Disease

CHAPTER 349 - Carotid Occlusive Disease: Natural History and Medical Management
CHAPTER 350 - Carotid Endarterectomy
CHAPTER 351 - Carotid Artery Angioplasty and Stenting
CHAPTER 352 - Blunt Cerebrovascular Injury
CHAPTER 353 - Nonatherosclerotic Carotid Lesions
CHAPTER 354 - Extracranial Vertebral Artery Diseases
CHAPTER 355 - Intracranial Occlusive Disease
CHAPTER 356 - Adult Moyamoya Disease
CHAPTER 357 - Cerebral Venous and Sinus Thrombosis

Part 3 - Nonlesional Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage

CHAPTER 358 - Nonlesional Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Part 4 - Hemorrhagic Vascular Disease

CHAPTER 360 - The Natural History of Cerebral Aneurysms
CHAPTER 361 - Pathobiology of Intracranial Aneurysms
CHAPTER 362 - Surgical Decision Making for the Treatment of Intracranial Aneurysms
CHAPTER 363 - Perioperative Management of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
CHAPTER 364 - Cerebral Vasospasm
CHAPTER 365 - Surgical Approaches to Intracranial Aneurysms
CHAPTER 366 - Microsurgery of Paraclinoid Aneurysms
CHAPTER 367 - Intracranial Internal Carotid Artery Aneurysms
CHAPTER 368 - Anterior Communicating Artery Aneurysms
CHAPTER 369 - Microsurgery of Distal Anterior Cerebral Artery Aneurysms
CHAPTER 370 - Surgical Management of Middle Cerebral Artery Aneurysms
CHAPTER 371 - Microsurgery of Vertebral Artery, Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery, and Vertebrobasilar Junction Aneurysms
CHAPTER 372 - Basilar Trunk Aneurysms
CHAPTER 373 - Microsurgery of Basilar Apex Aneurysms
CHAPTER 374 - Endovascular Approaches to Intracranial Aneurysms
CHAPTER 375 - Endovascular Coiling of Intracranial Aneurysms: Supporting Evidence
CHAPTER 376 - Endovascular Stenting of Intracranial Aneurysms
CHAPTER 377 - Endovascular Hunterian Ligation
CHAPTER 378 - Microsurgical Management of Giant Intracranial Aneurysms
CHAPTER 379 - Infectious Intracranial Aneurysms
CHAPTER 380 - Revascularization Techniques for Complex Aneurysms and Skull Base Tumors
CHAPTER 381 - Multimodality Management of Complex Cerebrovascular Lesions
CHAPTER 382 - Traumatic Cerebral Aneurysms Secondary to Penetrating Intracranial Injuries

Part 5 - True Arteriovenous Malformations

CHAPTER 383 - Pathobiology of True Arteriovenous Malformations
CHAPTER 384 - The Natural History of Intracranial Vascular Malformations
CHAPTER 385 - Therapeutic Decision Making
CHAPTER 386 - Adjuvant Endovascular Management of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations
CHAPTER 387 - Endovascular Management of Arteriovenous Malformations for Cure
CHAPTER 388 - Microsurgical Management of Arteriovenous Malformations
CHAPTER 389 - Surgical and Radiosurgical Management of Giant Arteriovenous Malformations

Part 6 - Arteriovenous Fistulas

CHAPTER 390 - Carotid-Cavernous Fistulas
CHAPTER 391 - Treatment of Other Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas

Part 7 - Cavernomas

CHAPTER 392 - Natural History of Cavernous Malformations
CHAPTER 393 - Genetics of Cerebral Cavernous Malformations
CHAPTER 394 - Supratentorial and Infratentorial Cavernous Malformations

Part 8 - Arteriovenous Malformations and Fistulas of the Spine

CHAPTER 395 - Classification of Spinal Arteriovenous Lesions: Arteriovenous Fistulas and Arteriovenous Malformations
CHAPTER 396 - Endovascular Treatment of Spinal Vascular Malformations
CHAPTER 397 - Spinal Vascular Malformations

Part 9 - Miscellaneous

CHAPTER 398 - Pregnancy and the Vascular Lesion

About the Author

H. Richard Winn, MD, Professor and Director of Neurosurgery, Lenox Hill Hospital, New York, New York; Hofstra University, Hempstead, New York; Adjunct Professor, Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa; Clinical Professor, Weill Cornell Medical College, Columbia University, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; Visiting Professor of Surgery (Neurosurgery), Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Product Details

Hardcover: 4960 pages
Publisher: Saunders; 6 edition (2011)
Language: English
ISBN-10: 1416053166
ISBN-13: 978-1416053163
Product Dimensions: 11.9 x 9.8 x 8.9 inches

List Price: $829.00

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