Rickets, a disease of growing bone, occurs in children only before fusion of the epiphyses, and is due to unmineralized matrix at the growth plates.
| GENERAL |
| |
| Failure to thrive |
| |
| Listlessness |
| |
| Protuding abdomen |
| |
| Muscle weakness (especially proximal) |
| |
| Fractures |
|
| HEAD |
| |
| Craniotabes |
| |
| Frontal bossing |
| |
| Delayed fontanelle closure |
| |
| Delayed dentition; caries |
| |
| Craniosynostosis |
|
| CHEST |
| |
| Rachitic rosary |
| |
| Harrison groove |
| |
| Respiratory infections and atelectasis |
|
| BACK |
| |
| Scoliosis |
| |
| Kyphosis |
| |
| Lordosis |
|
| EXTREMITIES |
| |
| Enlargement of wrists and ankles |
| |
| Valgus or varus deformities |
| |
| Windswept deformity (combination of valgus deformity of 1 leg with varus deformity of the other leg) |
| |
| Anterior bowing of the tibia and femur |
| |
| Coxa vara |
| |
| Leg pain |
|
| HYPOCALCEMIC SYMPTOMS |
| |
| Tetany |
| |
| Seizures |
| |
| Stridor due to laryngeal spasm |
|
Reference:
Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics 18th Edition