It has long been known that a close relationship exists between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), which has led to the adoption of the terminology “cardiorenal syndrome”. In recent years, the relationship between CKD and CVD has been shown to be even closer because of the demonstration that renal function acts as a sensor of global (or total) CVD risk. It is thus now well documented that from the initial to the advanced stages of renal disease, the cardiovascular system is involved. Primary disorders of CKD are associated with an enhanced progression of CVD, even when renal function is only mildly impaired. A significant number of patients with CKD die of CVD complications before they progress to end-stage renal failure. This excessive CVD risk is attributed to a high burden of both conventional and kidney (uremia)-related factors as well as to a wide spectrum of clinicopathologic entities. Conversely, primary CV disorders can initiate and perpetuate functional renal impairment and progressive CKD. Overall, the presence of renal dysfunction is an ominous sign of poor outcome in patients who develop ischaemic syndromes or undergo any type of surgical intervention.
Although a large number of clinical studies and reviews has addressed the cardiorenal syndrome, the editors deemed it appropriate to provide readers with a book that comprehensively addresses all the complex interactive aspects of the cardiorenal relationship, i.e. from pathophysiology to epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment.
Although a large number of clinical studies and reviews has addressed the cardiorenal syndrome, the editors deemed it appropriate to provide readers with a book that comprehensively addresses all the complex interactive aspects of the cardiorenal relationship, i.e. from pathophysiology to epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment.
Contents Section I Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease Interrelationships
1 Links between Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease: A Bidirectional Relationship
2 Cardiorenal versus Renocardiac Syndrome
Section II Crosstalk between the Cardiovascular System and the Kidney
3 Non-Pressure-Related Deleterious Effects of Excessive Dietary Sodium
4 Regulation of Vascular and Renal Cells by Common Mediators in Health and Disease: Role of the Renin–Angiotensin System in the Pathophysiology of Hypertension and Cardiovascular Disease
Section III Chronic Kidney Disease as a Risk for Cardiovascular Disease
5 Cardiorenal Continuum
6 Definition and Classification of Stages of Chronic Kidney Disease: Screening for Chronic Kidney Disease
7 Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Chronic Kidney Disease: Traditional, Nontraditional, and Uremia-related Threats
8 Increased Levels of Urinary Albumin: A Cardiovascular Risk Factor and a Target for Treatment
9 Microalbuminuria and Kidney Disease: An Evidence-based Perspective
10 Cardiometabolic Syndrome
11 Diabetes Mellitus: Is the Presence of Nephropathy Important as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor for Cardiorenal Syndrome?
Section IV Spectrum of Cardiovascular Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease
12 Cardiovascular Disease: Coronary Artery Disease and Coronary Artery Calcification
13 Cardiomyopathy in Chronic Kidney Disease and in End-stage Renal Disease
14 Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Prognostic Significance of Renal Functional Impairment in Cardiac Patients
15 Stroke
Section V Mechanisms of Cardiovascular Complications
16 Uremic Toxins
17 Endothelial Dysfunction, Nitric Oxide Bioavailability, and Asymmetric Dimethyl Arginine
18 Pathophysiologic Link between Atherosclerosis and Nephrosclerosis
19 Aortic Stiffness, Kidney Disease, and Renal Transplantation
20 Disturbed Calcium–Phosphorus Metabolism/Arterial Calcifications: Consequences on Cardiovascular Function and Clinical Outcome
21 Role of Neurohormonal Activation in the Pathogenesis of Cardiovascular Complications in Chronic Kidney Disease
22 Impaired Autonomic Blood Pressure and Blood Volume Control in Chronic Renal Failure
23 Role of Novel Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: Urotensin II
24 Role of Novel Biomarkers in Chronic Kidney Disease: Renalase
Section VI Regression/Progression of Chronic Kidney Disease
25 Diabetic Kidney Disease
26 Nondiabetic Kidney Disease
Section VII Therapeutic Modalities
27 Approaches in the Management of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Disease
28 Trends in the Management of Cardiac Patients with Renal Functional Impairment
Subject Index
Book Details
- Hardcover: 320 pages
- Publisher: Springer; 1st edition (September 10, 2010)
- Language: English
- ISBN-10: 884701462X
- ISBN-13: 978-8847014626
- Product Dimensions: 9.3 x 6.3 x 1 inches