Properties of Insulin Secretagogues






Insulin secretagogues stimulate insulin secretion by interacting with the ATP-sensitive potassium channel on the beta cell. These drugs are most effective in individuals with type 2 DM of relatively recent onset, who have residual endogenous insulin production.

Class/Generic Name Daily Dosage, mg Duration of Action, h
Sulfonylureas 
Glimepiride 1–8 24
Glipizide 5–40 12–18
Glipizide (extended release) 5–20 24
Glyburide 1.25–20 12–24
Glyburide (micronized) 0.75–12 12–24
Nonsulfonylureas (Meglititinides) 
Repaglinide 0.5–16 2–6
Nateglinide 180–360 2–4
GLP-1 agonist 
Exenatide 0.01–0.02 4–6
Liraglutide 0.6–1.8 12–24
Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors 
Saxagliptin 2.5–5 12–16
Sitagliptin 100 12–16
Vildagliptin 50–100 12–24
 

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