Insulin secretagogues stimulate insulin secretion by interacting with the ATP-sensitive potassium channel on the beta cell. These drugs are most effective in individuals with type 2 DM of relatively recent onset, who have residual endogenous insulin production.
| Class/Generic Name | Daily Dosage, mg | Duration of Action, h |
|---|---|---|
| Sulfonylureas | ||
| Glimepiride | 1–8 | 24 |
| Glipizide | 5–40 | 12–18 |
| Glipizide (extended release) | 5–20 | 24 |
| Glyburide | 1.25–20 | 12–24 |
| Glyburide (micronized) | 0.75–12 | 12–24 |
| Nonsulfonylureas (Meglititinides) | ||
| Repaglinide | 0.5–16 | 2–6 |
| Nateglinide | 180–360 | 2–4 |
| GLP-1 agonist | ||
| Exenatide | 0.01–0.02 | 4–6 |
| Liraglutide | 0.6–1.8 | 12–24 |
| Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors | ||
| Saxagliptin | 2.5–5 | 12–16 |
| Sitagliptin | 100 | 12–16 |
| Vildagliptin | 50–100 | 12–24 |