The fourth edition of High Risk Pregnancy: Management Options brings growth and change while remaining true to the original vision of an evidence-based user friendly text. Good clinical practice should be a universal goal, and we have sought to produce a truly International Postgraduate Textbook. There are over 150 contributors who reflect expertise from around the world with 20 countries represented. The third edition was sold in over 80 countries in four different versions—English, Chinese, Turkish and an English language adaptation for the Indian market. It is now a standard text used in the qualifying examinations of many countries. The book continues to grow in popularity with the third edition being the best-seller yet.
As the complexity of medicine continues to increase, so has the burden on the editors to review and process the material so it remains relevant to the reader. To that end, we are delighted that Caroline Crowther, an international leader in clinical design, performance and analysis of clinical trials, and Stephen Robson, a world recognized perinatologist have joined the original editorial team. In addition, we are most grateful to our contributors for their enormous efforts (and often those of their secretaries). We are especially indebted to Dee Simpson from Elsevier who has kept the project on course.
Each chapter in the fourth edition has been revised and where indicated, new ones added to reflect new developments. As reassuring as the traditional textbook is to hold, the fourth edition is published with a greatly expanded electronic version providing easy access to references and expanded figures. In addition, the website not only includes these electronic features, but also has video clips (edited by Alec McEwan), each making learning dynamic. Other changes to the fourth edition include:
- A major overhaul and revision of the book's appearance to further enhance readability including the transfer of the full reference list for each chapter to the accompanying complementary electronic publication so that only 10 key references ('Suggested Reading’) are retained in the printed text.
- A clearer presentation of the text while keeping to the original layout style of
- “Introduction”
- “Risks (Maternal and Fetal)”
- “Management Options (Prepregnancy, Prenatal, Labor and Delivery, Postnatal)”
- “Summary of Management Options” Box
- The Summary of Management Options Box includes a simplified evidence-based scoring system for each management strategy proposed. It illustrates how strong the evidence is for each option.
- All chapters were written or updated to reflect the current management options and to incorporate changes in practice since the last edition. Twelve chapters are either new or rewritten by new authors to bring a fresh view [1, 2, 6, 10, 12, 35, 44, 49, 65, 67, 75, 77].
- One feature that deserves special mention in the Preface is Margaret Ramsay's popular and valuable Appendix on ‘Normal Values’. This section has had its own separate publication (both written and electronic) in the past and these publications will be updated in the future.
As in prior editions, we have appreciated the comments of readers and reviewers and sought to respond to them wherever possible in this edition.
Previous editions of High Risk Pregnancy: Management Options were popular because readers have found them relevant to their daily clinical practice; in other words the book is a manual for the management of problem pregnancies. We hope that the fourth edition will uphold and enhance that reputation and will prove even more valuable to busy clinicians.
-- David James, Philip J. Steer, Carl P. Weiner, Bernard Gonik, Caroline A. Crowther, Stephen C. Robson
Key Features
- Prepare for clinical challenges and save time in addressing them thanks to expert advice on treatment options from international contributors.
- Find and apply the information you need quickly and easily through a consistent organization and at-a-glance summary boxes that discuss evidence-based management options.
Website Features
- Consult the book from any computer at home, in your office, or at any practice location.
- Instantly locate the answers to your clinical questions via a simple search query.
- Quickly find out more about any bibliographical citation by linking to its MEDLINE abstract.
- Videos: View video clips illustrating a variety of conditions.
New to this edition
- Access the fully searchable text online at www.expertconsult.com, along with links to Medline.
- View over 140 videos of detailed fetal imaging and monitoring that aid in diagnoses.
- Tap into recent developments in treatment and management in four new chapters-Global Maternal & Perinatal Health Issues; Recurrent Pregnancy Loss; Surveillance of the Fetus and its Indications; and Training for Obstetric Emergencies.
- Apply new evidence-based management options to treat genetic and constitutional factors leading to a high-risk pregnancy (such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and cardiac disease) through new and expanded coverage of these increasingly common presentations.
- Reference pregnancy-relevant laboratory values with an updated and comprehensive appendix on "Normal Values in Pregnancy."
- Effectively manage patients newly diagnosed with hematologic and immunologic malignancies, and explore the available drug options.
- Confirm your diagnoses with greater confidence thanks to full-color images throughout the text.
Contents
CHAPTER 1 - Global Maternal and Perinatal Health Issues
- Introduction
- The Measurement Challenges
- Maternal Mortality and Severe Morbidity
- Perinatal Mortality
- Strategies to Improve Maternal and Perinatal Health
- Conclusions
- Acknowledgments
- Suggested Readings
- References
Section One - Prepregnancy
CHAPTER 2 - Constitutional and Environmental Factors Leading to a High Risk Pregnancy
- Definition of a High Risk Pregnancy
- Constitutional Risk
- Environmental Risk
CHAPTER 3 - Domestic Violence
- Introduction
- Prevalence
- Recognition
- Risks
- Management Options
- Conclusion
CHAPTER 4 - Genetics, Risks of Recurrence, and Genetic Counseling
- Introduction
- Determining the Genetic Basis of a Condition
- Identifying Families with an Increased Probability of a Genetic Condition
- Determining the Probability of Recurrence
- Types of Genetic Conditions: Mechanisms and Probabilities
- Conditions with Mendelian Inheritance: Single-Gene Disorders
- Genetic Screening and Testing
- DNA Techniques and Clinical Practice
- Chromosomal Anomalies
- Other Mechanisms of Genetic Anomaly: Uniparental Disomy and Genomic Imprinting
- Malformation Syndromes
- Isolated Organ and System Anomalies
Section Two - Early Prenatal
CHAPTER 5 - Bleeding and Pain in Early Pregnancy
- Introduction
- Initial Management
- Spontaneous Abortion or Miscarriage
- Ectopic Pregnancy
- Gestational Trophoblastic Disease and Neoplasia
- Rhesus Prophylaxis
CHAPTER 6 - Recurrent Miscarriage
- Introduction
- Epidemiology
- Risk Factors for Recurrent Miscarriage
- Management Options
- Cervical Cerclage for Recurrent Mid-Trimester Pregnancy Loss
- Summary
CHAPTER 7 - First-Trimester Screening for Fetal Abnormalities
- Introduction
- Ultrasound Examination at 11 + 0 to 13 + 6 Weeks
- Maternal Serum Markers at 11 to 14 Weeks
- Fetal Nuchal Translucency Measurement and Maternal Serum Markers at 14 to 17 Weeks
CHAPTER 8 - Second-Trimester Screening for Fetal Abnormalities
- Introduction
- Second-Trimester Biochemical Serum Marker Screening
- Fetal Anatomic Survey on Second-Trimester Sonography
- Three-Dimensional Sonography
- Screening for Trisomy 18 and other Aneuploidies
- Critical Review of the Evidence on Second-Trimester Screening for Fetal Abnormality
CHAPTER 9 - Invasive Procedures for Antenatal Diagnosis
- Introduction
- Issues Common to All Invasive Diagnostic Techniques
- Specific Procedures
Section Three - Late Prenatal-Fetal
CHAPTER 10 - Prenatal Fetal Surveillance
- Introduction
- Normal Fetal Physiology and Adaptive Responses to Hypoxia and Metabolic Acidosis
- Indications
- Fetal Movement Counting
- Biophysical Profile or Biophysical Score
- Nonstress Test
- Contraction Stress Test
- Doppler Studies
- Other Tests
- Comprehensive Approach to Prenatal Fetal Assessment and Management
CHAPTER 11 - Fetal Growth Disorders
- Introduction
- Regulation of Fetal Growth
- Fetal Growth Restriction
- Fetal Macrosomia
CHAPTER 12 - Abnormalities of Amniotic Fluid Volume
- Introduction
- Oligohydramnios
- Procedure: Transabdominal Amnioinfusion
- Polyhydramnios
- Procedure: Therapeutic Amnioreduction
CHAPTER 13 - Fetal Hemolytic Disease
- Introduction
- Incidence
- Pathophysiology and Risks
- Management Options for the Detection of Alloimmunization
- Management Options for the Rh-Negative Patient in Pregnancy
- ABO Incompatibility and Minor Blood Group Antigens
- Other Causes of Hemolytic Disease
- Future Pregnancies, Prepregnancy Consultation
CHAPTER 14 - Fetal Thrombocytopenia
- Introduction
- Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia
- Isoimmune Thrombocytopenic Purpura
- Other Causes of Fetal Thrombocytopenia
CHAPTER 15 - Fetal Cardiac Arrhythmias: Diagnosis and Therapy
- Introduction
- Assessment of a Fetal Arrhythmia
- Mechanisms of Tachyarrhythmias
- Irregular Heart Rate
- Tachycardia
- Bradycardias
CHAPTER 16 - Fetal Cardiac Anomalies
- Introduction
- Indications for Fetal Echocardiography
- Ultrasonographic Examination of the Fetal Heart (Table 16–2)
- Doppler Examination of the Fetal Heart
- Four-Dimensional Study of the Fetal Heart
- Cardiac Structural Anomalies
- Doppler Examination of the Structurally Abnormal Heart
- Planning Neonatal Management
CHAPTER 17 - Fetal Craniospinal and Facial Abnormalities
- Introduction
- Open Neural Tube Defects: Anencephaly, Cephalocele, and Spina Bifida
- Hydrocephalus
- Craniofacial Disorders of Ventral Induction: The Holoprosencephaly Sequence
- Facial Clefts
- Dandy-Walker Malformation
- Aneurysm of the Vein of Galen
- Hydranencephaly
- Microcephaly
- Agenesis of the Corpus Callosum
- Intracranial Hemorrhage and Porencephaly
- Choroid Plexus Cyst
- Caudal Regression Syndrome
- Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Fetal Central Nervous System Anomalies
CHAPTER 18 - Fetal Genitourinary Abnormalities
- Introduction
- Fetal Uropathies
- Kidney Abnormalities
- Abnormal Genitalia
CHAPTER 19 - Fetal Gastrointestinal Abnormalities
- Introduction
- Omphalocele (Exomphalos)
- Gastroschisis
- Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia
- Body Stalk Anomaly/Limb Body Wall Complex
- Bladder and Cloacal Exstrophies, Omphalocele, Bladder Extrophy, Imperforate Anus
- Esophageal Atresia
- Atresias of the Bowel
- Meconium Ileus and Meconium Peritonitis, Hyperechogenic Bowel
- Echogenic (“Bright”) Liver and Hepatic Calcifications
- Megacystis Microcolon Intestinal Hypoperistalsis Syndrome
- Echolucent Structures within the Fetal Abdomen
CHAPTER 20 - Fetal Skeletal Abnormalities
- Introduction
- Ultrasound Scanning for Fetal Limb Abnormalities
- Classification of Skeletal Dysplasias
- Early-Onset Severe Symmetrical Short Straight Long Bones
- Conditions Associated with Bowed or Severely Fractured Limbs
- Short Long Bones: Mild to Moderate Symmetrical
- Achondroplasia (4p16; FGFR3)
- Short Long Bones: Asymmetrical
- Joint Deformities
- Multiple Joint Contractures
- Spinal Deformities
CHAPTER 21 - Fetal Thyroid and Adrenal Disease
- Fetal Thyroid Disease
- Fetal Adrenal Disease
CHAPTER 22 - Fetal Tumors
- Introduction and General Approach
- Intracranial Tumors
- Facial Tumors
- Neck Tumors
- Thoracic Tumors
- Tumor-Like Conditions of the Lung
- Cardiac Tumors
- Adrenal Tumors: Neuroblastoma
- Renal Tumors
- Hepatic Tumors
- Intra-Abdominal Cysts
- Sacrococcygeal Teratoma
- Limb Tumors
- Placental and Umbilical Cord Tumors
CHAPTER 23 - Fetal Problems in Multiple Pregnancy
- Introduction
- Chorionicity
- Monoamniotic Twins
- In Utero Demise of One Fetus
- Twin Reversed Arterial Perfusion
- Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome
- Twin Anemia Polycythemia Sequence
- Congenital Anomalies in Twins
CHAPTER 24 - Fetal Hydrops
- Introduction
- Incidence
- Definition
- Pathophysiology
- Risks
- Management Options
- Diagnosis
- Treatment
- Procedure: Insertion of Fetal Thoracoamniotic Shunt
- Other Treatments
- Tumors
- Outcomes
CHAPTER 25 - Fetal Death
- Introduction
- Management Options
Section Four - Infection
- Introduction
- Pathways of Intrauterine Infection
- Stages of Ascending Intrauterine Infection
- Microbiology of Intrauterine Infection
- Frequency of Intra-Amniotic Infection in Preterm Gestation
- Chorioamniotic Infection, Histologic Chorioamnionitis, and Preterm Birth
- Intrauterine Infection/Inflammation as a Chronic Process
- Is the Relationship between Intrauterine Infection and Spontaneous Preterm Birth Causal?
- Detection of Microbial Footprints in the Amniotic Fluid with Sequence-Based Techniques
- Molecular Mechanisms for Preterm Parturition in the Setting of Intrauterine Infection
- The Fetal Inflammatory Response Syndrome
- Contribution of Fetal Infection/Inflammation to Long-Term Handicap
- Approaches to Fetal Iinflammatory Response Syndrome
CHAPTER 27 - Hepatitis Virus Infections
- Introduction
- Hepatitis A
- Hepatitis B
- Hepatitis C Virus
CHAPTER 28 - Human Immunodeficiency Virus
- Introduction
- Diagnosis
- Maternal and Fetal Risks
- Management Options
CHAPTER 29 - Rubella, Measles, Mumps, Varicella, and Parvovirus
- Rubella
- Rubeola
- Mumps
- Varicella
- Parvovirus B19
- CHAPTER 30 - Cytomegalovirus, Herpes Simplex Virus, Adenovirus, Coxsackievirus, and Human Papillomavirus
- Introduction
- Cytomegalovirus
- Herpes Simplex Virus
- Adenovirus
- Coxsackievirus
- Human Papillomavirus
CHAPTER 31 - Other Infectious Conditions
- Introduction
- Group A Streptococcus
- Group B Streptococcus
- Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus
- Listeriosis
- Sexually Transmitted Infections
- Vaginitis
CHAPTER 32 - Parasitic Infections
- Introduction
- Lyme Disease
- Tuberculosis
- Malaria
- Syphilis
- Toxoplasmosis
- Schistosomiasis
Section Five - Late Prenatal
CHAPTER 33 - Substance Abuse
- Introduction and Overview
- Tobacco Smoking
- Alcohol
- Drug Abuse: General
- Heroin Addiction: Specific Problems
- Cocaine Addiction: Specific Problems
- Cannabis: Specific Problems
- Benzodiazepines: Specific Problems
- Amphetamines: Specific Problems
- D-Lysergic Acid Diethylamide-25: Specific Problems
- Barbiturates: Specific Problems
- Solvent Abuse: Specific Problems
CHAPTER 34 - Medication
- Introduction
- Maternal Physiologic Adaptation to Pregnancy
- General Principles of Teratology
- Human Teratogens Table 34–2)
- Drugs with Minimal or No Known Human Teratogenic Effect Table 34–3)
- Conclusions
CHAPTER 35 - Hypertension
- Introduction
- Definition, Classification, and Risk
- Preeclampsia
- Chronic Hypertension
- Anesthetic Considerations in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
- Long-Term Consequences of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy
CHAPTER 36 - Cardiac Disease
- Introduction: General Comments
- Cardiac Murmur
- Mitral Valve Prolapse
- Congenital Heart Defects
- Rheumatic Heart Disease: General
- Prosthetic Heart Valves
- Marfan's Syndrome
- Dilated Cardiomyopathy
- Cardiac Arrhythmias
- Myocardial Infarction
- Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
CHAPTER 37 - Respiratory Disease
- Introduction
- Breathlessness of Pregnancy
- Asthma
- Sarcoidosis
- Tuberculosis
- Kyphoscoliosis
- Cystic Fibrosis
- Pneumonia
- Pulmonary Edema, Acute Lung Injury, and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
CHAPTER 38 - Anemia and White Blood Cell Disorders
- Anemia: Overview
- Anemia: Iron Deficiency
- Anemia: Folate Deficiency
- Anemia: Vitamin B12 Deficiency
- Hemoglobinopathies
- Hemolytic Anemias
- Anemia: Bone Marrow Aplasia
- White Blood Cell Disorders
CHAPTER 39 - Malignancies of the Hematologic and Immunologic Systems
- Introduction
- Acute Leukemia
- Chronic Leukemia
- Lymphoma
- Myeloproliferative Disorders
CHAPTER 40 - Thrombocytopenia and Bleeding Disorders
- Thrombocytopenia
- Coagulation Disorders
CHAPTER 41 - Clotting Disorders
- Introduction
- Hemostatic System
- Effects of Pregnancy on Hemostasis
- Hypercoagulable Disorders
CHAPTER 42 - Thromboembolic Disease
- Introduction
- Maternal Risks
- Fetal Risks
- Thromboembolism in Pregnancy
CHAPTER 43 - Autoimmune Diseases
- Introduction
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
- Antiphospholipid Syndrome
- Rheumatoid Arthritis
- Systemic Sclerosis
- Myasthenia Gravis
CHAPTER 44 - Diabetes
- Introduction
- Classification of Diabetes
- Preexisting Diabetes
CHAPTER 45 - Thyroid Disease
- Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Changes in Pregnancy
- Thyroxine Levels in Pregnancy
- Hypothyroidism
- Hyperthyroidism
- Thyroid Nodules and Thyroid Cancer
- Postpartum Thyroiditis
CHAPTER 46 - Pituitary and Adrenal Disease
- Pituitary Disease
- Adrenal Disease
CHAPTER 47 - Hepatic and Gastrointestinal Disease
- Introduction
- Jaundice
- Obstetric Cholestasis
- Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy
- Liver Hematoma and Nontraumatic Liver Rupture
- Hyperemesis Gravidarum
- Peptic Ulceration
- Celiac Disease
- Inflammatory Bowel Disease
CHAPTER 48 - Neurologic Complications
- Introduction
- Seizures
- Cerebrovascular Disease
- Headache
- Ventriculoperitoneal Shunts
- Spinal Cord Injury
- Neuromuscular Diseases: Mononeuropathies
- Neuromuscular Diseases: Polyneuropathies
- Noninflammatory Myopathies (Myasthenia Gravis is Discussed in Chapter 43)
- Demyelinating Diseases
- Cerebral Tumors
- Movement Disorders
- Cerebral Abscess
CHAPTER 49 - Renal Disorders
- Introduction
- Renal Changes during Normal Pregnancy
- Lower Urinary Tract Infection
- Acute Pyelonephritis
- Acute Renal Failure in Pregnancy
- Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura–Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
- Chronic Renal Disease in Pregnancy
- Specific Renal Diseases in Pregnancy
- Chronic Dialysis and Pregnancy
- Renal Transplant Patients and Pregnancy
CHAPTER 50 - Spine and Joint Disorders
- Introduction
- Low Back and Pelvic Pain
- Spondylolysis and Spondylolisthesis
- Scoliosis
- Pelvic Arthropathy and Rupture of the Pubic Symphysis
- Postpartum Osteitis Pubis
- Septic Pubic Symphysitis and Sacroilitis
- Stress Fractures of the Pubic Bone
- Pelvic Trauma and Pregnancy
- Transient Osteoporosis of the Hip
- Avascular Necrosis of the Hip
- Hip Arthroplasty
- Maternal Pelvic Osteotomy
CHAPTER 51 - Skin Disease
- Introduction
- Physiologic Skin Changes of Pregnancy
- Preexisting Skin Diseases and Tumors Affected by Pregnancy
- Pruritus in Pregnancy
- Specific Dermatoses of Pregnancy
CHAPTER 52 - Malignant Disease
- Introduction
- Radiation
- Chemotherapy
- Cervical Cancer
- Ovarian Cancer
- Other Gynecologic Malignancies
- Breast Cancer
- Placental Metastases
CHAPTER 53 - Pregnancy after Transplantation
- Introduction
- Organ Transplantation
- Success of Transplantation
- Risks of Transplantation
- Management Options
CHAPTER 54 - Trauma
- Incidence and Risks
- Management Options—General
- Blunt Trauma
- Penetrating Trauma
- Acute Spinal Cord Injury
- Burns
- Electrical Injury
- Perimortem Cesarean Section
CHAPTER 55 - Psychiatric Illness
- Introduction
- Prevalence of Psychiatric Illnesses in Pregnancy
- Major Depression
- Anxiety Disorders
- Bipolar Disorder
- Schizophrenia
- Substance Abuse and Dependency
- Postpartum Depression Conditions
Section Six - Prenatal - General
CHAPTER 56 - Abdominal Pain
- Introduction and Overview
- Diagnostic Imaging in Pregnancy
- Physiologic Conditions in Pregnancy
- Pathologic Conditions Related to Pregnancy
- Pathologic Conditions Unrelated to Pregnancy
- Miscellaneous Causes
- Procedure
CHAPTER 57 - Nonmalignant Gynecology
- Introduction
- Ovarian Cysts in Pregnancy Chapters
- Procedure
- Fibroids
- Subfertility
- Other Gynecologic Diseases and Problems
CHAPTER 58 - Bleeding in Late Pregnancy
- Introduction
- Management of Bleeding in Late Pregnancy
- Initial Assessment and Management
- Placenta Previa
- Procedure
- Expectant Management
- Method of Delivery
- Placenta Previa and Placenta Accreta
- Placental Abruption
- Vasa Previa
- Unclassified Bleeding
CHAPTER 59 - Multiple Pregnancy
- Introduction
- Risks
- Management Options
- Procedure
- Postnatal
CHAPTER 60 - Screening for Spontaneous Preterm Labor and Delivery
- Introduction
- Monitoring Uterine Activity
- Cervical Screening
- Cervicovaginal Fetal Fibronectin
- Screening for Bacterial Vaginosis in Early Pregnancy
CHAPTER 61 - Threatened and Actual Preterm Labor Including Mode of Delivery
- Introduction, Definition, and Incidence
- Maternal Risks
- Fetal and Neonatal Risks
- Management Options
CHAPTER 62 - Prelabor Rupture of the Membranes
- Introduction
- Definition and Incidence
- Risks
- Management Options
- Future Directions
CHAPTER 63 - Breech Presentation
- Introduction
- Incidence
- Etiology
- Risks and Significance
- Diagnosis
- The Preterm Breech Presentation
- Procedure
- The Breech Presentation at Term
CHAPTER 64 - Unstable Lie, Malpresentations, and Malpositions
- Introduction
- Definitions
- Etiology
- Incidence
- Diagnosis
- Risks
- Management Options
CHAPTER 65 - Prolonged Pregnancy
- Introduction
- Definition
- The Normal Length of Gestation
- Etiology of Prolonged Pregnancy
- Risks
- Management Options
CHAPTER 66 - Induction of Labor and Termination of the Previable Pregnancy
- Induction of Labor
- Termination of Pregnancy for Fetal Anomaly
- Procedure
- Use of Oxytocic Agents
- Antibiotic Prophylaxis
- Postoperative Care
- Intact Dilation and Extraction
- Hysterotomy and Hysterectomy
- Medical Termination of Pregnancy
CHAPTER 67 - Dysfunctional Labor
- Introduction
- The Onset and Diagnosis of Labor
- Labor Mechanisms and Processes
- Clinical Aspects of Management of Labor
- Management of the First Stage of Labor
- Management of the Second Stage of Labor
CHAPTER 68 - Shoulder Dystocia
- Introduction
- Definition
- Risks to the Mother, Obstetrician, and Fetus
- Management Options
- Shoulder Dystocia and Brachial Plexus Injury
CHAPTER 69 - Fetal Distress in Labor
- What is Fetal Distress?
- Management Issues
- Procedure
- Iatrogenic Causes of Fetal Distress
- Other Methods of Monitoring for Fetal Distress
- Cord Prolapse
- Intrapartum Fetal Resuscitation
- Meconium Staining of the Amniotic Fluid
- Procedure
CHAPTER 70 - Neuraxial Analgesia and Anesthesia in Obstetrics
- Introduction
- Indications
- Management Options for Pain During Parturition
- Management Options for Anesthesia for Cesarean Delivery
- Management Options for Postoperative Pain
- Management Options for Analgesia and Anesthesia in High Risk Parturients
- Effects of Neuraxial Analgesia on Progress and Outcome of Labor
- Temperature Changes in Labor
CHAPTER 71 - Perineal Repair and Pelvic Floor Injury
- Introduction
- Anatomy
- Pathophysiology
- Uterovaginal Prolapse
- Previous Pelvic Floor Repair/Vaginal Surgery
- Perineal Injury
- Female Circumcision (Female Genital Mutilation)
CHAPTER 72 - Assisted Vaginal Delivery
- Introduction
- Indications
- Contraindications
- Definitions
- Prerequisites
- Complications and Risks
- Risk Management
- Choice of Instrument and Procedure
- Procedure
- Management of Special Situations
CHAPTER 73 - Delivery after Previous Cesarean Section
- Introduction
- Assessing the Evidence
- Assessing Eligibility for VBAC
- Counseling Women Eligible for VBAC
- Conduct of VBAC
CHAPTER 74 - Cesarean Section
- Introduction
- Incidence
- Indications
- Issues in the Operative Technique
- Surgical Techniques
- Complications
Section Seven - Postnatal
CHAPTER 75 - Postpartum Hemorrhage and Other Problems of the Third Stage
- Introduction
- The Normal Third Stage of Labor
- Retained Placenta
- Adherent Placenta (Placenta Accreta, Increta, Percreta)
- Primary Postpartum Hemorrhage
- Uterine Inversion
- Uterine Rupture
CHAPTER 76 - Puerperal Problems
- Introduction and General Approach
- Examination of Placenta
- Primary Acute Postpartum Hemorrhage
- Secondary Postpartum Hemorrhage
- Puerperal Pyrexia/Infection
- Disorders of the Breasts
- Other Medical Problems in the Puerperium
- Psychological Problems in the Puerperium
- Other Issues in the Puerperium
- Other Problems
- Contraception
- Female Sterilization
CHAPTER 77 - Major Obstetric Hemorrhage and Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
- Introduction
- Major Obstetric Hemorrhage
- Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation
CHAPTER 78 - Critical Care of the Obstetric Patient
- Introduction
- Relevant Physiology of Pregnancy
- Methods of Monitoring
- Indications for Monitoring—Causes of Critical Illness in Pregnancy
- Management of Critically Ill Monitored Patients
CHAPTER 79 - Training for Obstetric Emergencies
- Introduction
- Risks
- Management Options
- Conclusion
CHAPTER 80 - Resuscitation and Immediate Care of the Newborn
- Introduction
- Predicting Problems
- General Care of the Baby at Birth
- Physiology
- Preparation and Equipment
- Assessment of Condition at Birth
- Stabilization and Resuscitation Following Delivery at or Near Term
- Resuscitation of a Preterm Baby
- Principles of Resuscitation Techniques
- Documentation
- Parents
- Debriefing
- Transport of Babies to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit
- Some Other Neonatal Problems Affecting Resuscitation
Appendix: Normal Values
- Introduction
- Further Reading
- Maternal Values
- Fetal Values
- Labor
About the Authors
- David James, MA, MD, FRCOG, DCH, Emeritus Professor of Fetomaternal Medicine, Foundation Director of Medical Education, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom.
- Philip J. Steer, BSc, MD, FRCOG, FCOGSA (hon), Emeritus Professor, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, United Kingdom.
- Carl P. Weiner, MD, MBA, FACOG, K.E. Krantz Professor and Chair, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Kansas School of Medicine, Kansas City, Kansas.
- Bernard Gonik, MD, FACOG, Professor and Fann Srere Chair of Perinatal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, Michigan.
- Caroline A. Crowther, MD, FRANZCOG, FRCOG, Cert MFM, Professor, Discipline of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Adelaide, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
- Stephen C. Robson, MD, MRCOG, MBBS, Professor of Fetal Medicine, Institute of Cellular Medicine, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Product Details
- Hardcover: 1504 pages
- Publisher: Saunders; 4 edition (2011)
- Language: English
- ISBN-10: 1416059083
- ISBN-13: 978-1416059080
- Product Dimensions: 11.1 x 8.9 x 2.7 inches
List Price: $218.00